Fatherhood and depression: a review of risks, effects, and clinical application.
Fatherhood and depression: a review of risks, effects, and clinical application.
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DOI：
10.1080/01612840600840844
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发表时间：
2006-10-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Spector, Aaron Z
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Spector, Aaron Z
这篇文献综述试图对父亲抑郁症的表现、风险和对家庭的后续影响进行完整的评估。临床应用也受到审查。与女性一样，父亲也会表现出烦躁的情绪，但与女性同行不同的是，抑郁的男性常常会经历社会行为的变化。回避社交场合、优柔寡断、愤世嫉俗和情绪烦躁常常被认为是成年男性抑郁症的标志性症状。生活压力，或家庭压力和低社会支持，是与父亲抑郁症相关的危险因素。婚姻困难可能是丈夫首次患抑郁症的最常见诱因，就像离婚会加剧抑郁症的发作一样，尤其是当涉及到孩子时。事实证明，多种治疗方法对抑郁的父亲有效，包括传统的心理动力学、认知行为治疗和团体治疗。当治疗能够开始并持续时，它就是有效的，但研究一再表明，男性寻求治疗的次数远远少于女性。建议开展有效的外展计划，鼓励抑郁父亲接受治疗。
This literature review attempted to compile a complete evaluation of the presentation, risks, and subsequent effects upon a family in relation to paternal depression. Clinical applications are reviewed as well. As with women, fathers will present with a dysphoric mood, but unlike their female counterparts, depressed men often experience a change in social behavior. Withdrawal from social situations, indecisiveness, cynicism, and an irritable mood are often found as hallmark signs of depression in the adult male. Life stress, or family stress and low social support, are risk factors associated with depression among fathers. Marital difficulties may be the most common trigger for first-time depression in husbands just as divorce amplifies depressive episodes, especially when children are involved. A variety of treatments have proven effective for depressed fathers including traditional psycho-dynamic, CBT, and group therapy. Therapy is effective when it can be initiated and continued but research repeatedly showed that men seek it out far less than women. Effective outreach programs to encourage treatment among depressed fathers are recommended.