Crosstalk between adipocytes and immune cells in adipose tissue inflammation and metabolic dysregulation in obesity.
Crosstalk between adipocytes and immune cells in adipose tissue inflammation and metabolic dysregulation in obesity.
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DOI：
10.14348/molcells.2014.0074
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发表时间：
2014-05
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Kim JB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Huh JY;Park YJ;Ham M;Kim JB
最近的研究发现，特别是关于脂肪因子和脂肪组织炎症的研究，已经改变了脂肪组织仅仅是身体能量的储存库的概念。相反，脂肪组织正在成为内分泌和免疫活性器官，在调节全身能量稳态方面具有多重作用。值得注意的是，与肝脏和肌肉等其他代谢器官相比，脂肪组织中的各种炎症反应是动态调节的，脂肪组织中的大多数免疫细胞参与了肥胖介导的代谢并发症，包括胰岛素抵抗。在这里，我们总结了近年来关于先天免疫细胞（中性粒细胞、巨噬细胞、肥大细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞）和适应性免疫细胞（调节性T细胞、1型辅助性T细胞、CD8 T细胞、B细胞）在肥胖中脂肪组织炎症和代谢失调中的关键作用的研究发现。特别是，自然杀伤T细胞，一种先天淋巴细胞，在脂肪组织炎症中的作用将被讨论。最后，将提出脂肪细胞作为抗原提呈细胞调节T细胞活性和随后的脂肪组织炎症的新作用。
Recent findings, notably on adipokines and adipose tissue inflammation, have revised the concept of adipose tissues being a mere storage depot for body energy. Instead, adipose tissues are emerging as endocrine and immunologically active organs with multiple effects on the regulation of systemic energy homeostasis. Notably, compared with other metabolic organs such as liver and muscle, various inflammatory responses are dynamically regulated in adipose tissues and most of the immune cells in adipose tissues are involved in obesity-mediated metabolic complications, including insulin resistance. Here, we summarize recent findings on the key roles of innate (neutrophils, macrophages, mast cells, eosinophils) and adaptive (regulatory T cells, type 1 helper T cells, CD8 T cells, B cells) immune cells in adipose tissue inflammation and metabolic dysregulation in obesity. In particular, the roles of natural killer T cells, one type of innate lymphocyte, in adipose tissue inflammation will be discussed. Finally, a new role of adipocytes as antigen presenting cells to modulate T cell activity and subsequent adipose tissue inflammation will be proposed.