PREVENTION STRATEGIES AND ALCOHOL POLICY
PREVENTION STRATEGIES AND ALCOHOL POLICY
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1360-0443.1995.tb02186.x
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发表时间：
1995-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
NORSTROM, T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
NORSTROM, T
本文讨论了高危策略和人群策略在预防肝硬化、意外事故和自杀死亡方面的潜力。方法方法是基于消费的经验分布和所讨论的损害的风险函数的整合。根据调查结果，如果总饮酒量减少25%，或者酗酒者（饮酒人数最多的5%）的饮酒量减少36%，这三种原因导致的酒精死亡率将减半。高危策略在预防肝硬化方面最有效；然而，人口战略的影响在这里也是相当可观的。人口战略的相对优势在事故和自杀方面最为明显，但高风险办法在这方面也产生了可观的影响。也就是说，就效率而言，这两种策略都没有明显优于另一种。因此，高风险战略似乎是对人口战略的明智补充，如果大规模实施，应该有可能对人口水平产生影响。
This paper addresses the potentials of high risk strategy and population strategy for preventing mortality from liver cirrhosis, accidents and suicide. The methodological approach is based on an integration of an empirical distribution of consumption and the risk functions of the damages at issue. According to the findings, the rate of alcohol-induced mortality from the three causes combined would be halved either by a 25 per cent decrease in overall consumption or a 36 per cent decrease in the alcohol consumption of the heavy drinkers (the top 5 per cent). The high risk strategy is most efficient in preventing cirrhosis; however the effect of the population strategy is also quite substantial here. The comparative advantage of the population strategy is most marked in connection with accidents and suicide, but the high risk approach yields an appreciable impact in this context as well. That is, neither of the two strategies appears as clearly superior to the other in terms of efficiency. The high risk strategy thus seems to be a sensible complement to the population strategy, and should have the potential of yielding effects on the population level if implemented on a large scale.