Factors determining the occurrence of floret sterility in rice in a hot and low-wind paddy field in Jianghan Basin, China
Factors determining the occurrence of floret sterility in rice in a hot and low-wind paddy field in Jianghan Basin, China
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DOI：
10.1016/j.fcr.2021.108161
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发表时间：
2021-06
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
T. Matsui;K. Kobayasi;M. Yoshimoto;T. Hasegawa;Takashi S. T. Tanaka;Xiaohai Tian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
T. Matsui;K. Kobayasi;M. Yoshimoto;T. Hasegawa;Takashi S. T. Tanaka;Xiaohai Tian
全球变暖可能会增加水稻热致小花不育（HIFS）的发生率。气象因素和植物性状对小花不育发生的影响仅在受控或简化的条件下进行了独立研究。本研究的目的是全面阐明实际田间条件下这些因素对水稻HIFS的作用和影响。我们在中国长江流域有时发生 HIFS 的稻田中观察了 12 个可能与 HIFS 相关性状差异较大的水稻品种的授粉和结籽情况，为期 3 年。在中等高温（32-36.5°C）和低风条件（开花时<3.5 m s−1）下，小花不育性随着温度的升高而增加。多元回归通径分析表明，高温通过柱头上花粉萌发后的过程增加了小花不育的发生，而风减少了小花不育的发生；风的影响程度相当于高温。多元回归分析估计，低而直立的圆锥花序和短花药对 HIFS 耐受性和已知的耐热性状有积极影响，例如花药基部的长花药开裂和清晨开花。结果阐明了控制稻田HIFS的因素，并确定了科学家和育种者应重点关注的过程和特征，以减轻全球变暖下的HIFS。
Global warming may increase the occurrence of heat-induced floret sterility (HIFS) in rice. The effects of meteorological factors and plant traits on the occurrence of floret sterility have only been examined independently and under controlled or simplified conditions. The aim of this study was to comprehensively clarify the role and impact of these factors in HIFS in rice under practical field conditions. We observed pollination and seed set of 12 rice cultivars with wide variation in traits potentially related to HIFS for 3 years in a paddy field in the Yangtze Valley in China where HIFS sometimes occurs. Floret sterility increased as temperature increased under moderately high temperatures (32–36.5 °C) and low-wind conditions (<3.5 m s−1at flowering time). Path analysis with multiple regression revealed that high temperatures increased the occurrence of floret sterility through processes after pollen germination on the stigma and that wind lessened the occurrence of floret sterility; the magnitude of the wind effect was equivalent to that of high temperature. Multiple regression analysis estimated that low and erect panicles, and short anthers have positive effects on tolerance to HIFS and known heat tolerance traits, e.g., long anther dehiscence at the base of the anther and early morning flowering. The results clarified the factors that control HIFS in the paddy field and identify the processes and traits that scientists and breeders should focus on to mitigate HIFS under global warming.