Accelerated decline of snow cover in China from 1979 to 2018 observed from space.
Accelerated decline of snow cover in China from 1979 to 2018 observed from space.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152491
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发表时间：
2021-12
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Linglong Zhu;Guangyi Ma;Yongyong Zhang;Jiangeng Wang;Wei Tian;Xi Kan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Linglong Zhu;Guangyi Ma;Yongyong Zhang;Jiangeng Wang;Wei Tian;Xi Kan
积雪是气候变化的一个重要指标。降雪量的变化综合了气温升高和降水增加的竞争效应。本研究基于Theil-Sen Median（TSM）和Mann-Kendall（M-K）方法，利用空间观测证据研究了1979 - 2018年中国积雪参数的变化，发现了一些有意义的结论：（1）高海拔山区积雪深度（SD）普遍呈下降趋势，中位数为-0.02 cm/年，平原地区SD呈上升趋势，平均值为0.01cm/年。在NC和NX的最近一个时期（2009-2018年），观察到SD普遍加速下降。(2)年平均积雪日数大于150 d的面积分别占NC、NX和QTP的17.8%、24.73%和38.14%。北卡罗来纳州和北方QTP的SCD普遍减少，但QTP仍然保持了超过8个月的最长雪季。(3)三个雪区的雪贮量都有下降的趋势。积雪物候的差异表现在：青藏高原SS的积累和融化速率最慢; NC的SS峰值最大，雪季最短; NX的SS积累和融化速率最慢，峰值最晚。最高气温的变化趋势是影响SD变化的最重要因素，而经度和纬度与SCD的变化密切相关。
Snow cover is an important indicator of climate change. Variations of snow integrate the competing effect of increasing temperature and precipitation. In this study, based on Theil-Sen Median (TSM) and Mann-Kendall (M-K) methods, observational evidence from space was used to investigate the variation of snow parameters in China from 1979 to 2018, and some meaningful conclusions were found. (1) The downward trend of snow depth (SD) with a median of −0.02 cm/year was generally found in the high altitude mountains, and the upward trend of SD with a median of 0.01 cm/year occurs in the plains. A widespread and accelerated decrease of SD was observed in the latest period (2009–2018) in NC and NX. (2) The mean annual areas with snow cover days (SCDs) greater than 150 days (d) accounted for 17.8%, 24.73% and 38.14% in NC, NX and QTP. SCDs in NC and Northern QTP were widely reduced, but the longest snow season with more than eight months is still maintained on QTP. (3) The downward trend of snow storage (SS) was found in all three snow areas. The difference of snow phenology is reflected in the slowest accumulation and melting rate of SS on QTP; the largest peak value of SS and the shortest snow season in NC; the slow accumulation and rapid melting of snow in the NX, and the peak value is achieved at the latest. The trend of maximum temperature was judged as the most important factor affecting the change of SD, while longitude and latitude are closely related to the change of SCD.