The salient self: Social saliency effects based on self-bias
The salient self: Social saliency effects based on self-bias
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DOI：
10.1080/20445911.2014.996156
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发表时间：
2015-02-17
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
Sui, Jie
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Humphreys, Glyn W.;Sui, Jie
有许多证据表明，与与他人相关的信息相比，人们对与自己相关的信息存在偏见，但这些影响的性质往往不清楚：它们是否反映了对刺激的熟悉？它们是否反映了认知上的变化？它们是自动发生的吗？这些效应与刺激知觉显著程度的变化相似吗？这些效应是否反映了更基本的潜在机制，如刺激的不同奖励价值？这些问题的答案对于理解人脑中感知和注意的本质很重要。我们关注来自一种新的联想学习程序的数据，该程序旨在评估社会(例如，自我相关的)与先前中性刺激的关联的影响。使用这一程序的证据表明，社会联想本身并不反映刺激的熟悉度，它可以改变知觉，它既可以自动发生，也可以改变预期，它产生的功能和神经变化等同于感知突显的影响，它依赖于特定的神经回路，与奖励的影响有一些但不是完全重叠。我们认为，感知并不是孤立于我们与环境的社会联系中的。
There is much evidence indicating that people are biased towards information relevant to themselves compared with information relevant to other people, but the nature of these effects is often unclear: Do they reflect stimulus familiarity? Do they reflect changes in perception? Do they occur automatically? Are the effects similar to changes in the perceptual saliency of stimuli? Do the effects reflect more basic underlying mechanisms, such as the differential reward value of stimuli? Answers to these questions are important for understanding the nature of perception and attention in the human brain. We focus on data derived from a novel associative learning procedure designed to assess effects of social (e.g., self-related) association with previously neutral stimuli. Evidence using this procedure suggests that social association does not reflect stimulus familiarity per se, that it can modify perception, that it can both occur automatically and alter expectancies, that it produces functional and neural changes equivalent to the effects of perceptual saliency, that it depends on specific neural circuitry and has some but not complete overlap with the effects of reward. We argue that perception is not isolated from the social associations we have with the environment.