Integrating water quantity- and quality-related ecosystem services into water scarcity assessment: A multi-scenario analysis in the Taihu Basin of China
Integrating water quantity- and quality-related ecosystem services into water scarcity assessment: A multi-scenario analysis in the Taihu Basin of China
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DOI：
10.1016/j.apgeog.2023.103101
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发表时间：
2023-11
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Y. Tao;Qin Tao;Jiangxiao Qiu;S. Pueppke;Genhong Gao;Weixin Ou
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Y. Tao;Qin Tao;Jiangxiao Qiu;S. Pueppke;Genhong Gao;Weixin Ou
水资源短缺是一个日益受到全球关注的问题，这是过去几十年见证的剧烈气候和社会变化造成的。以往的注意力主要集中在水量不足是缺水的主要原因，但污染引起的缺水在很大程度上被忽视了。此外，人们对政策干预在缓解水资源短缺及其社会影响方面的有效性缺乏了解。为了解决这些知识差距，我们开发了一种基于生态系统服务的方法，通过比较供水和水净化服务的供需，来衡量与数量和质量相关的水资源短缺。我们还制定了几个水和土地管理方案，以研究它们在不同气候条件和水质要求下缓解水资源短缺的潜力。以太湖流域为例，确定了不同子流域的四种类型的缺水状况，包括数量型、质量型、数量和质量型以及不缺水。太湖流域水质的恶化加剧了清洁水供应的短缺。节水措施有效缓解了数量型缺水，而减氮和退耕还林（即退耕还林）在缓解质量型缺水方面也表现出类似的效果。综合这些措施有助于缓解基于数量和质量的缺水问题。然而，在干燥的气候条件和更高的水质要求下，这些措施的有效性下降，突出了气候和水质在决定缺水的程度、程度和严重程度方面的重要性。本文提出的方法和发现为太湖流域和世界其他类似流域的水资源可持续管理提供了新的见解。
Water scarcity is a growing global concern, resulting from drastic climate and societal changes witnessed over the past few decades. Previous attention has predominantly focused on inadequate water quantity as the main cause of water scarcity, but pollution-induced water scarcity has been largely overlooked. Furthermore, there is a lack of understanding about the effectiveness of policy interventions in mitigating water scarcity and its social impact. To address these knowledge gaps, we developed an ecosystem service-based approach to measure quantity- and quality-related water scarcity by comparing supply of and demand for water provision and water purification services. We also developed several water and land management scenarios to examine their potential in alleviating water scarcity under different climate conditions and water quality requirements. Our case study in the Taihu Basin of southeastern China identified four types of water scarcity status across different sub-basins, including quantity-based, quality-based, quantity- and quality-based, and no water scarcity. The degradation of water quality in the Taihu Basin has exacerbated the scarcity of clean water supply. Water conservation measures effectively alleviated quantity-based water scarcity, while nitrogen reduction and grain for green (i.e., conversion of cropland into forest land) exhibited similar efficacy in alleviating quality-based water scarcity. Integrating these measures contributed to alleviating both quantity- and quality-based water scarcity. However, the effectiveness of these measures decreased under drier climate conditions and higher water quality requirements, highlighting the importance of climate and water quality in determining the magnitude, extent, and severity of water scarcity. The approaches and findings presented here provide new insights into the sustainable management of water resources in the Taihu Basin and other similar basins worldwide.