Surface-Driven High-Pressure Processing
Surface-Driven High-Pressure Processing
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DOI：
10.1016/j.eng.2018.05.004
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发表时间：
2018-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
12.8
通讯作者：
Srivastava, Deepti
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gubbins, Keith E.;Gu, Kai;Srivastava, Deepti
高压的应用有利于许多化学过程，在化学反应中提供更高的产率或改进的速率，在分离过程中提供改进的溶剂能力，并且允许通过增加分子能量和分子碰撞速率来克服活化障碍。在实验室中可以实现高达数百万棒的高压--使用金刚石压砧单元，并为化学合成和合成具有理想的热力学、传输和电子特性的新材料开辟了许多新途径。然而，在工业规模上，高压处理目前受到压缩成本和材料限制的限制，使得很少有工业过程在高于25 MPa的压力下进行。本文提出了一种高压加工的替代方法，其中使用来自固体基底的表面驱动相互作用产生非常高的局部压力。最近的实验和分子模拟表明，这种相互作用可以导致高达数万巴（1巴= 1 × 10（5）Pa）的局部压力，在某些情况下甚至数百万巴。由于活动高压处理带是不均匀的，因此压力在不同方向上是不同的。在许多情况下，在平行于衬底表面的方向上的压力（切向压力）被最大程度地增强。该压力施加在待处理的分子上，但不施加在固体基底或容纳容器上。目前的知识，这种压力增强的审查，并讨论了一种替代路线的可能性，以高压处理的基础上表面驱动力。这种表面驱动的高压处理将具有实现比传统体相处理可能的压力高得多的压力的优点，因为它消除了对机械压缩的需要。此外，对于该方法，没有增加的压力施加在容纳容器上，从而消除了对材料失效的担忧。(C)2018年，《The Comorers》。由爱思唯尔有限公司代表中国工程院和高等教育出版社有限公司出版。
The application of high pressure favors many chemical processes, providing higher yields or improved rates in chemical reactions and improved solvent power in separation processes, and allowing activation barriers to be overcome through the increase in molecular energy and molecular collision rates. High pressures-up to millions of bars using diamond anvil cells-can be achieved in the laboratory, and lead to many new routes for chemical synthesis and the synthesis of new materials with desirable thermodynamic, transport, and electronic properties. On the industrial scale, however, high-pressure processing is currently limited by the cost of compression and by materials limitations, so that few industrial processes are carried out at pressures above 25 MPa. An alternative approach to high-pressure processing is proposed here, in which very high local pressures are generated using the surface-driven interactions from a solid substrate. Recent experiments and molecular simulations show that such interactions can lead to local pressures as high as tens of thousands of bars (1 bar = 1 x 10(5) Pa), and even millions of bars in some cases. Since the active high-pressure processing zone is inhomogeneous, the pressure is different in different directions. In many cases, it is the pressure in the direction parallel to the surface of the substrate (the tangential pressure) that is most greatly enhanced. This pressure is exerted on the molecules to be processed, but not on the solid substrate or the containing vessel. Current knowledge of such pressure enhancement is reviewed, and the possibility of an alternative route to high-pressure processing based on surface-driven forces is discussed. Such surface-driven high-pressure processing would have the advantage of achieving much higher pressures than are possible with traditional bulk-phase processing, since it eliminates the need for mechanical compression. Moreover, no increased pressure is exerted on the containing vessel for the process, thus eliminating concerns about materials failure. (C) 2018 THE AUTHORS. Published by Elsevier LTD on behalf of Chinese Academy of Engineering and Higher Education Press Limited Company.