Site‐directed Spin Labeling and Pulse Dipolar Electron Paramagnetic Resonance

Site‐directed Spin Labeling and Pulse Dipolar Electron Paramagnetic Resonance
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定点自旋标记和脉冲偶极电子顺磁共振

DOI:
10.1002/9780470027318.a9024
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发表时间:
2010
期刊:
影响因子:
9.7
通讯作者:
H. Steinhoff
H. Steinhoff
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
J. Klare;H. Steinhoff

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生物分子的结构和功能研究通常依赖于拓扑信息的可用性,以允许构建结构模型或表征这些分子或其复合物在功能过程中的构象变化。定点自旋标记 (SDSL) 与 EPR 光谱相结合成为获得分子内和分子间距离约束的非常强大的工具,因为可到达的距离跨越了 0.5–8 nm 的有趣范围,不需要结晶,并且所研究的系统的尺寸不受限制。特别是脉冲偶极 EPR 方法的发展,特别是双电子-电子共振 (DEER) 光谱,能够提供 2-8 nm 范围内的自旋距离分布,大大增加了电子顺磁共振 (EPR) 光谱在生物系统研究中的适用性。本文旨在介绍 SDSL 和偶极 EPR。第一部分总结了 SDSL 的最新技术,概述了当前可用或正在开发的方法。第二部分介绍了 DEER 光谱技术,涵盖基本理论背景以及数据采集和分析的选定实践方面。最后,从最近的文献中选取了SDSL-DEER的应用实例进行了总结。 关键词: 定点自旋标记; SDSL; 电子顺磁共振; EPR; 脉冲EPR; 双电子-电子共振; 鹿; 脉冲双电子共振; 佩尔多; 距离测定; 自旋标签; MTSSL; 四脉冲 DEER
Structural and functional investigations on biomolecules often rely on the availability of topological information, either to allow building structural models or to characterize conformational changes of these molecules or complexes thereof during function. Site-directed spin labeling (SDSL) in combination with EPR spectroscopy became a very powerful tool to obtain intra- and inter-molecular distance constraints, as the accessible distances span the interesting range from 0.5–8 nm, crystallization is not required, and the size of the system under investigation is not limited. Especially the development of pulse dipolar EPR methods, in particular double electron–electron resonance (DEER) spectroscopy with its ability to provide interspin distance distributions in the 2–8 nm range, greatly increased the applicability of electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy for studies on biological systems. This article is intended to give an introduction into SDSL and dipolar EPR. The first part summarizes the state-of-the-art in SDSL, providing an overview of methodologies currently available or under development. In the second part, the technique of DEER spectroscopy is introduced, covering the basic theoretical background as well as selected practical aspects of data acquisition and analysis. Finally, selected examples for the application of SDSL-DEER from the recent literature are summarized. Keywords: site-directed spin labeling; SDSL; electron paramagnetic resonance; EPR; pulse EPR; double electron–electron resonance; DEER; pulse double electron resonance; PELDOR; distance determination; spin label; MTSSL; four-pulse DEER
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