Acoustic measurement of intake and grazing behaviour of cattle
Acoustic measurement of intake and grazing behaviour of cattle
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DOI：
10.1046/j.1365-2494.2000.00203.x
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发表时间：
2000-06-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
WallisDeVries, MF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Laca, EA;WallisDeVries, MF
对放牧行为的声学分析被发现能够准确地识别咀嚼和咬人，并估计牛的摄入量。4头黄牛放牧6种类型的草坪，其中3头矮秆(14、16和20 cm高)，3头高(36、49和62 cm高)，3头高大(36、49和62 cm)，均为低施氮量的未割区成熟草坪。每只动物从每种类型的草坪上吃十口草，同时对其行为进行录像，并用绑在动物额头上的无线麦克风记录放牧的声音。采食量是通过放牧前和放牧后草皮重量的差异来衡量的，并校正了水分损失。咀嚼和咬合在声学特征上是不同的，咬合在3-8 khz频段产生更多的输出。声学特征的判别分析正确地分类了咀嚼和咬伤，准确率为94%。通过咀嚼声总能量流密度(Fjm(-2))、每次咀嚼声能流密度(EFDC)和1-2和2-3 kHz频段的平均咀嚼声强度来预测摄入量具有较高的准确性(R2=0.90，CV=3.6%)。虽然咬合量在1.37g到4.50g之间，但每克摄入量的EFDC(CV=0.015)不受处理或动物的影响。咀嚼声比咬人声和每一口的咀嚼声携带更多关于摄入量的信息。对放牧声音的分析有可能克服与测量放牧摄入量有关的许多问题。
Acoustic analysis of grazing behaviour was found to allow accurate identification of chewing and biting, and estimation of intake by cattle. Four steers grazed six types of turves, three were short (14, 16 and 20 cm tall), leafy turves from mowed Setaria lutescens with high application of N fertilizer, and three were tall (36, 49 and 62 cm tall), mature turves from uncut areas with low application of N fertilizer. Each animal grazed ten bites from each turf type while behaviour was videotaped and grazing sounds were recorded with a wireless microphone taped to the animal's forehead. The intake was measured by the difference in pre- and post-grazing turf weight, corrected for water loss. Chews and bites differed in acoustic characteristics, with bites producing more output in the 3-8 kHz frequency band. Discriminant analysis of the acoustic characteristics correctly classified chews and bites with 94% accuracy. Intake was predicted with a high degree of accuracy by total energy flux density (fJ m(-2)) in chewing sounds (EFDC), EFDC per chew and average intensity of chewing sound in the 1-2 and 2-3 kHz bands (R-2=0.90, CV=3.6%). Although bite mass ranged from 1.37 to 4.50 g, EFDC per g of intake (CV=0.015) was not affected by treatments or animals. Chewing sounds carried more information about intake than biting sounds and chews per bite. Analysis of grazing sounds has the potential to overcome many of the problems associated with the measurement of grazing intake.