Effect of low-protein amino acid-supplemented diets on the growth performance, gut morphology, organ weights and digesta characteristics of weaned pigs
Effect of low-protein amino acid-supplemented diets on the growth performance, gut morphology, organ weights and digesta characteristics of weaned pigs
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DOI：
10.1017/s175173110800270x
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发表时间：
2008-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Nyachoti, C. M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Opapeju, F. O.;Rademacher, M.;Nyachoti, C. M.
本试验旨在研究低粗蛋白（Q）、氨基酸（AA）日粮中异亮氨酸是否会限制仔猪的生产性能，并探讨低粗蛋白日粮对断奶仔猪胃肠道健康的潜在益处。将96头仔猪（初始BW = 6.44 +/- 0.14 kg）随机分配至4种饲料中的一种，每种饲料6个重复畜栏。饮食处理如下：（1）210 g/kg粗蛋白日粮;（2）190 g/kg粗蛋白日粮中缺乏异亮氨酸;（3）190 g/kg粗蛋白日粮中添加结晶异亮氨酸至210 g/kg粗蛋白日粮水平;（4）170 g/kg粗蛋白日粮中添加异亮氨酸和缬氨酸（相对于赖氨酸分别为60%和70%）。在实验开始前，让猪适应新环境4天。总体而言，与其它日粮相比，饲喂2 ~ 10 g/kg粗蛋白日粮的猪平均日增重显著提高（P <0.05），料重比显著降低（P < 0.05）。210 g/kg粗蛋白日粮组的粪稠度评分显著高于其他日粮组（P < 0.05）。饲喂170 g/kg日粮的猪小肠重量低于饲喂210 g/kg CP日粮的猪（P=0.02）。日粮中CP含量为210 g/kg时，十二指肠和回肠隐窝深度显著（P < 0.05），盲肠中氨态氮浓度显著（P < 0.05）高于其它日粮。饲粮对盲肠粘膜微生物数量和挥发性脂肪酸含量没有影响，但丙酸含量在170 g/kg饲粮组显著高于（P < 0.05）190+异亮氨酸和210 g/kg粗蛋白饲粮组。结果表明，低CP AA日粮可降低仔猪的隐窝肥大、盲肠氨态氮浓度、小肠重量和生产性能。此外，当前研究的结果对于异亮氨酸是否可能限制饲喂低CP、AA补充饲料的猪的生产性能尚无定论。
A 21-day study was conducted to determine whether isoleucine might limit the performance of piglets fed low-crude protein (Q), amino acid (AA)-supplemented diets and to investigate the potential benefits of low-CP diets on gastrointestinal health in weaned pigs. Ninety-six piglets (initial BW = 6.44 +/- 0.14 kg), housed four per pen, were randomly assigned to one of four diets, resulting in six replicate pens per diet. Dietary treatments were as follows: (1) 210 g/kg CP diet, (2) 190 g/kg CP diet deficient in isoleucine, (3) 190 g/kg CP diet supplemented with crystalline isoleucine up to the level in the 2 10 g/kg CP diet and (4) 170 g/kg CP diet supplemented with isoleucine and valine on the ideal protein ratio basis (60% and 70% relative to lysine, respectively). Pigs were allowed to adapt to the new environment for 4 days before the experiment commenced. Overall, pigs fed the 2 10 g/kg CP diet had higher (P < 0.05) average daily gain and lower (P < 0.05) feed: gain ratio compared with those fed the other diets. The faecal consistency score of pigs fed the 210 g/kg CP diet was higher (P < 0.05) than those fed the other diets. Pigs fed the 170 g/kg diet had lower (P=0.02) small intestine weight than those fed the 210 g/kg CP diet. Pigs fed the 210 g/kg CP diet had deeper (P < 0.05) crypt in the duodenum and ileum and higher (P < 0.05) ammonia N concentration in caecal digesta than those fed the other diets. There were no effects of diet on microbial population and volatile fatty acid concentration in the caecal digesta except for propionic acid whose concentration was higher (P < 0.05) for pigs fed the 170 g/kg diet than those fed the 190+isoleucine and the 210 g/kg CP diets. The results indicate that the low-CP AA-supplemented diet reduced crypt hypertrophy, ammonia N concentration in the caecal digesta, small intestine weight and the performance of piglets. Also, the results of the current study were inconclusive with respect to whether isoleucine may limit the performance of pigs fed a low-CP, AA-supplemented diet.