The Nordic Countries
The Nordic Countries
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北欧国家
DOI：
10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199579396.003.0040
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发表时间：
2010
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
M. Kautto
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Kautto
本章讨论了独特的北欧福利模式的概念的描述性前提。它问道，北欧福利国家在什么意义上构成了一种独特的类型，其核心特征近几十年来是否保持稳定。全球对北欧模式的兴趣最好的解释是，北欧国家长期以来的良好经济和社会表现，以及预期的平等主义和普遍主义的意识形态基础。尽管过去几十年持续不断的挑战，以及在一定程度上不同的福利政策对这些挑战的反应，北欧国家仍然有一些“家庭相似之处”，特别是在更广泛的比较框架下。本章提供的经验评估表明，对公共服务和社会投资的高度重视仍然是北欧福利国家有别于其他国家的地方。北欧国家对劳动力市场参与的固有重视为以税收为基础的福利国家奠定了基础和连续性。
This chapter discusses the descriptive premises of the notion of a distinctive Nordic welfare model. It asks in what sense the Nordic welfare states constitute a distinctive type, and whether its core features have remained stable in recent decades. The global interest in the Nordic model is best explained by Nordic countries’ long record of good economic and social performance, as well as its anticipated ideological foundations of egalitarianism and universalism. Despite the continuous challenges of past decades, and in part differing welfare policy responses to those, the Nordic countries still bear some ‘family resemblance’, especially when viewed in a broader comparative framework. The empirical assessment provided in this chapter shows that the strong emphasis on public services and social investment still distinguishes the Nordic welfare states from others. The inbuilt emphasis on labour market participation of the Nordic countries lays the foundation and continuity for the tax-based welfare state.