The built environment and obesity
The built environment and obesity
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DOI：
10.1093/epirev/mxm009
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发表时间：
2007-01-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Klassen, Ann C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Papas, Mia A.;Alberg, Anthony J.;Klassen, Ann C.
肥胖是饮食、体力活动和环境之间复杂相互作用的结果。建筑环境包含一系列物理和社会元素，这些元素构成了社区的结构，并可能影响肥胖。这篇综述总结了现有的有关建筑环境与肥胖的实证研究。使用关键词“肥胖”或“超重”和“邻里”或“建筑环境”或“环境”对 Medline、PsychInfo 和 Web of Science 数据库进行搜索。该搜索仅限于 1966 年至 2007 年间针对人群进行的英语文章。为了满足纳入标准，文章必须 1）直接测量体重，2）对建筑环境进行客观测量。共获得摘要1,506篇，符合纳入标准的文章20篇。大多数文章（84%）报告了建筑环境的某些方面与肥胖之间存在统计显着的正相关关系。几个方法论问题值得关注，包括各研究中建筑环境测量的不一致、大多数调查的横断面设计，以及重点关注饮食或身体活动方面，但不是两者兼而有之。鉴于个人行为的物理和社会背景的重要性以及基于个人的干预措施在长期预防肥胖方面的成功有限，需要对建筑环境对肥胖的影响进行更多研究。
Obesity results from a complex interaction between diet, physical activity, and the environment. The built environment encompasses a range of physical and social elements that make up the structure of a community and may influence obesity. This review summarizes existing empirical research relating the built environment to obesity. The Medline, PsychInfo, and Web of Science databases were searched using the keywords "obesity" or "overweight" and "neighborhood" or "built environment" or "environment." The search was restricted to English-language articles conducted in human populations between 1966 and 2007. To meet inclusion criteria, articles had to 1) have a direct measure of body weight and 2) have an objective measure of the built environment. A total of 1,506 abstracts were obtained, and 20 articles met the inclusion criteria. Most articles (84%) reported a statistically significant positive association between some aspect of the built environment and obesity. Several methodological issues were of concern, including the inconsistency of measurements of the built environment across studies, the cross-sectional design of most investigations, and the focus on aspects of either diet or physical activity but not both. Given the importance of the physical and social contexts of individual behavior and the limited success of individual-based interventions in long-term obesity prevention, more research on the impact of the built environment on obesity is needed.