Magnetron-Sputtered Lead Titanate Thin Films for Pyroelectric Applications: Part 2—Electrical Characteristics and Characterization Methods
Magnetron-Sputtered Lead Titanate Thin Films for Pyroelectric Applications: Part 2—Electrical Characteristics and Characterization Methods
复制标题
DOI：
10.3390/ma17030589
复制
发表时间：
2024-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Morteza Fathipour;Yanan Xu;Mukti Rana
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Morteza Fathipour;Yanan Xu;Mukti Rana
高电材料自然是电化的，即使没有任何外部施加的电场，也会在其单位细胞结构中表现出内置的自发极化。这些材料被认为是红外应用的理想检测元素之一，因为它们在所有波长的室温下具有快速的响应时间和均匀的灵敏度。钙钛矿铅钛酸盐（PBTIO3）家族的晶体表现出pyrolectric特征并经历结构相变。它们具有较高的居里温度（材料从铁电（极地）变化为副电脑（非极性）相的温度），高层状系数，高自发极化，低介电常数，不仅构成重要的组件材料，不仅构成重要的材料红外检测，但在电子，光学和MEMS设备中也具有广泛的应用。但是，大型完美和纯的单晶PBTIO3的制备具有挑战性。此外，在与处理电路，大尺寸和操作所需的高压的连接方面，在应用此类散装晶体时会出现困难。在审查论文的这一部分中，我们解释了通常用于揭示钛酸铅及其衍生物的高电特性的电气行为和表征技术。此外，它解释了材料制备技术如何影响所得薄膜的电气特性。它还使用不同的技术对层状系数的测量进行了深入的讨论。
Pyroelectric materials are naturally electrically polarized and exhibits a built-in spontaneous polarization in their unit cell structure even in the absence of any externally applied electric field. These materials are regarded as one of the ideal detector elements for infrared applications because they have a fast response time and uniform sensitivity at room temperature across all wavelengths. Crystals of the perovskite lead titanate (PbTiO3) family show pyroelectric characteristics and undergo structural phase transitions. They have a high Curie temperature (the temperature at which the material changes from the ferroelectric (polar) to the paraelectric (nonpolar) phase), high pyroelectric coefficient, high spontaneous polarization, low dielectric constant, and constitute important component materials not only useful for infrared detection, but also with vast applications in electronic, optic, and MEMS devices. However, the preparation of large perfect and pure single crystals PbTiO3 is challenging. Additionally, difficulties arise in the application of such bulk crystals in terms of connection to processing circuits, large size, and high voltages required for their operation. In this part of the review paper, we explain the electrical behavior and characterization techniques commonly utilized to unravel the pyroelectric properties of lead titanate and its derivatives. Further, it explains how the material preparation techniques affect the electrical characteristics of resulting thin films. It also provides an in-depth discussion of the measurement of pyroelectric coefficients using different techniques.