Teaching Engineering Practices
Teaching Engineering Practices
复制标题
工程实践教学
DOI：
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
W. Carlsen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Cunningham;W. Carlsen
摘要
工程学在下一代科学标准（NGSS）和相关改革文件中占有突出地位，但如何描述其性质和方法却存在问题。本文是对这种表述的系统回顾和批评，并提出，如果通过学生参与工程项目来更好地阐明和建模工程实践，则可以安全地忽视工程的学科核心思想（如 NGSS 中所述）。概述了科学和工程实践之间更清晰的区别，并描述了先前的研究，表明大学前的工程设计可以加强儿童对科学概念的理解。然而，零敲碎打的工程实践教学方法不太可能让学生理解工程作为一门学科。从许多工程教育专业发展项目中吸取的经验教训补充了对科学教师教育的影响。
Abstract
Engineering is featured prominently in the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) and related reform documents, but how its nature and methods are described is problematic. This paper is a systematic review and critique of that representation, and proposes that the disciplinary core ideas of engineering (as described in the NGSS) can be disregarded safely if the practices of engineering are better articulated and modeled through student engagement in engineering projects. A clearer distinction between science and engineering practices is outlined, and prior research is described that suggests that precollege engineering design can strengthen children’s understandings about scientific concepts. However, a piecemeal approach to teaching engineering practices is unlikely to result in students understanding engineering as a discipline. The implications for science teacher education are supplemented with lessons learned from a number of engineering education professional development projects.