Limestone quarries as refuges for European xerophilous butterflies
Limestone quarries as refuges for European xerophilous butterflies
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DOI：
10.1046/j.1523-1739.2003.02092.x
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发表时间：
2003-08-01
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Konvicka, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Benes, J;Kepka, P;Konvicka, M
农业集约化和废弃边缘土地的共同影响导致传统管理的早期演替生境大规模下降，导致整个欧洲大陆的旱生蝴蝶数量下降。问题是，新产生的早期演替的工业起源的网站可能会部分弥补这种栖息地的损失。我们研究了蝴蝶组合的21石灰石采石场在该地区的摩拉维亚，捷克共和国，在一个重要的走廊纬度动物群的迁徙，摩拉维亚门。在采石场的物种丰度与其区域分布的比较，使我们能够划定一组物种，主要是旱生和定居，采石场作为避难所。总物种丰富度，在该组中的物种数量，数量的旱生和定居物种向南增加，并在年轻的和积极经营的采石场和毗邻温暖的“草原”草原的采石场高。典型的对应分析表明，在采石场和毗邻的栖息地解释更高比例的变异比纬度或变量相关的采石。然而，南部位置和积极采石的积极影响非常显着。这两个旱生物种的最早的继承贫瘠和后来的继承灌丛居住的采石场，由于这种网站的固有异质性。因此，采石不会伤害优先蝴蝶，并可被视为一种栖息地创造方法，前提是（1）经营者支持采石场内的栖息地异质性，（2）附近的旱生地点得到保护和充分管理，（3）其他具有保护重要性的现象不会受到不利影响。
The large-scale decline of traditionally managed early-successional habitats caused by the joint effects of agricultural intensification and abandonment of marginal lands has resulted in a continent-wide decline of xerophilous butterflies throughout Europe. The question is whether newly generated early-successional sites of industrial origin may partially compensate for this habitat loss. We studied the butterfly assemblages of 21 limestone quarries in the region of Moravia, Czech Republic, within an important corridor of latitudinal faunal migrations, the Moravian Gate. Comparison of species abundances in the quarries with their regional distribution allowed us to delimit a group of species, predominately xerophilous and sedentary, for which the quarries serve as refuges. Total species richness, number of species in the group, and numbers of xerophilous and sedentary species increased toward the south and were high in young and actively operating quarries and in quarries that adjoined warm "steppe" grasslands. Canonical correspondence analyses suggested that habitats within the quarries and adjoining habitats explained much higher proportions of variance than either latitude or the variables related to quarrying. However, the positive effects of southern position and active quarrying were highly significant. Both xerophilous species of the earliest-succession barrens and of later-succession scrub inhabited the quarries, owing to the inherent heterogeneity of such sites. It follows that quarrying does not harm the priority butterflies and may be regarded as a method of habitat creation, provided that (1) the operators support habitat heterogeneity within the quarries, (2) xerophilous sites in the vicinity are preserved and adequately managed, and (3) other phenomena of conservation importance are not adversely affected.