Introduction to multiple and collaborative tasks
Introduction to multiple and collaborative tasks
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多项协作任务简介
DOI：
10.1145/966930.966931
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发表时间：
2003
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
H. Johnson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Johnson;J. May;H. Johnson
人机交互已经从研究一个人使用一台计算机，发展到个人和团体以各种角色与其他人合作。为了支持我们的工作生活，以及我们工作之外的生活，我们都进行了广泛的活动，使用了一套不同的技术设备，用于各种目的。随着计算机使用的这些变化，设计目标也发生了变化，从狭隘的“易用性”定义到享受，从赋能到使能，从方便到吸引力。为了应对这些变化，人机交互研究人员和实践者开发了新的研究重点和方法，以及新的设计和评估方法，以了解、创建、开发和评估形式、用途和背景丰富的交互计算技术。现在需要通过设计来理解和支持的活动包括多项协作任务。他们并不总是有一个明确的目标，他们经常缺乏离散的起点和终点，有时多个目标是不相容的。任务经常并行执行，具有不同级别的交错和中断。人们在相同的技术支持下以不同的方式执行相同的任务，这取决于他们的社会背景以及合作和协作的程度。协作带来了管理协作的管理费用，这必须与任务本身的效率收益进行权衡。
Human computer interaction has evolved from studying one person using one computer, to individuals and groups collaborating with others in a variety of roles. To support our working lives, and our lives beyond work, we all undertake a wide range of activities, using a diverse set of technological devices, for numerous purposes. With these changes in the use of computers have come changes in design goals, from a narrow definition of ‘ease of use’ to enjoyment, from empowerment to enablement, and from convenience to attractiveness. In response to these changes HCI researchers and practitioners have developed new research foci and methods, and new design and evaluation methods to understand, create, develop and evaluate interactive computing technologies in their rich variety of forms, uses, and contexts. The activities that now need to be understood and supported by design include multiple and collaborative tasks. They do not always have single, clear goals, they often lack discrete start and end points, and sometimes the multiple goals are incompatible. Tasks are frequently carried out in parallel, with various levels of interleaving and interruption. People perform the same task with the same technological support in different ways, depending upon their social context, and the degree of cooperation and collaboration. Collaboration introduces overheads for managing the collaboration, which have to be traded off against gains in efficiency of the task itself.