Laboratory Evaluation of a Novel Real-Time Respirator Seal Integrity Monitor
Laboratory Evaluation of a Novel Real-Time Respirator Seal Integrity Monitor
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DOI：
10.1093/annweh/wxy026
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发表时间：
2018-07-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Grinshpun, Sergey A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wu, Bingbing;Corey, Jonathan;Grinshpun, Sergey A.
背景：最近开发了一种低成本实时呼吸器密封完整性监测器（ReSIM），用于监测工作场所呼吸器的实际性能。本研究的目的是评估新型 ReSIM 原型在基于人体模型的实验室实验中快速检测半面罩弹性呼吸器引起的泄漏的能力。方法：本研究进行了两个阶段的测试。首先，通过将 ReSIM 的输出与流通装置中的参考光学气溶胶光谱仪 (OAS) 进行比较，评估 ReSIM 测量气溶胶浓度的准确性。其次，使用基于人体模型的装置来测试泄漏检测能力，以模拟功能性呼吸器的泄漏。结果：ReSIM 与 OAS 的回归曲线的 R-2 为 0.936，表明其在 0.5-2 μm 的目标颗粒尺寸范围内具有较高的准确度。当受到燃烧气溶胶挑战时，ReSIM 的泄漏检测灵敏度（正确识别真实泄漏间隔的概率）为 98.4%，而受到 NaCl 气溶胶挑战时为 71.8%。在对两种类型的挑战气溶胶的持续误报进行调整后，其特异性（识别没有泄漏的间隔的概率）为 99.8%。结论：ReSIM 原型不仅可以高精度估计颗粒浓度，而且可以以足够的灵敏度和特异性快速实时检测呼吸器面罩泄漏。此外，当面部密封完整性受到损害时，它可以触发警报。
Background: A low-cost real-time Respirator Seal Integrity Monitor (ReSIM) was recently developed to monitor a respirator's actual performance at a workplace. The objective of this study was to evaluate the capability of the new ReSIM prototype in manikin-based laboratory experiments to rapidly detect induced leakage of a half-mask elastomeric respirator.Methods: Two phases of testing were conducted in this study. First, the accuracy of ReSIM measuring an aerosol concentration was assessed by comparing the outputs of ReSIM against a reference optical aerosol spectrometer (OAS) in a flow-through set-up. Second, the capability to detect a leak was tested using a manikin-based set-up to simulate leaks into a functional respirator.Results: The regression curve of ReSIM versus OAS had an R-2 of 0.936, indicating its high accuracy within the targeted particle size range of 0.5-2 mu m. The ReSIM provided a leak detection sensitivity (probability of correctly identifying intervals with the true leak) of 98.4% when challenged with a combustion aerosol, compared to 71.8% when challenged with a NaCl aerosol. Its specificity (probability of identifying intervals without a leak) was 99.8% after adjusting for persistent false positives for both types of challenge aerosol.Conclusion: The ReSIM prototype not only can estimate the particle concentration with high accuracy but also can rapidly detect respirator faceseal leakage in real time with sufficient sensitivity and specificity. In addition, it can trigger an alarm when the faceseal integrity is compromised.