MULTIPLE REPRESENTATIONS OF BODY MOVEMENTS IN MESIAL AREA-6 AND THE ADJACENT CINGULATE CORTEX - AN INTRACORTICAL MICROSTIMULATION STUDY IN THE MACAQUE MONKEY
MULTIPLE REPRESENTATIONS OF BODY MOVEMENTS IN MESIAL AREA-6 AND THE ADJACENT CINGULATE CORTEX - AN INTRACORTICAL MICROSTIMULATION STUDY IN THE MACAQUE MONKEY
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DOI：
10.1002/cne.903110403
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发表时间：
1991-09-22
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
RIZZOLATTI, G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
LUPPINO, G;MATELLI, M;RIZZOLATTI, G
位于第4区（F1）喙侧的近中无颗粒额叶皮层由两个不同的细胞结构区域形成：F3，位于尾侧，F6，位于喙侧。在本实验中，我们调查的组织F3和F6通过观察其皮层内电微刺激诱发的运动反应。我们的主要目的是找出是否cytoarchitectonic细分的内侧无颗粒额叶皮层分为两个区域有生理对应物.结果表明，F3（尾侧区）包含一个完整的运动代表与后肢运动位于尾侧，前肢运动位于中央，口面运动位于rostrally.绝大多数肢体运动涉及近端关节。与F1相比，F3具有以下功能特征：（1）近端运动和远端运动之间缺乏分离，（2）复杂运动的百分比较大，（3）兴奋性阈值较高，F6（吻侧区）比F3更难诱发运动。然而，通过使用较长的刺激序列持续时间（100 ms），39.3%的测试站点产生身体动作。当在猴子自然运动期间而不是当猴子仍然在椅子上时施加电刺激时，该百分比增加（50.5%）。大多数诱发的运动涉及前肢。更罕见的是，观察到颈部和上面部运动。与大多数运动快速的F1和F3不同，在刺激F6时经常观察到缓慢运动。他们中的许多人模仿动物的自然运动。F7区（上级6区）可诱发眼动，而F6区则不能。该区域在地形上由位于尾侧和腹侧的前肢表示和位于喙侧和背侧的后肢表示组成。24 d区的兴奋阈高于F1和F3区。结果表明，在F1区近中皮层上，至少存在三种独立的运动表征。在躯体位置组织和兴奋性特性的基础上，我们建议将补充运动区（SMA-适当）保留给F3。
The mesial agranular frontal cortex that lies rostral to area 4 (F1) is formed by two distinct cytoarchitectonic areas: F3, located caudally, and F6, located rostrally. In the present experiments we investigated the organization of F3 and F6 by observing the motor responses evoked by their intracortical electrical microstimulation. Our main purpose was to find out whether the cytoarchitectonic subdivision of the mesial agranular frontal cortex into two areas has a physiological counterpart.The result showed that F3 (the caudal area) contains a complete motor representation with hindlimb movements located caudally, forelimb movements located centrally, and orofacial movements located rostrally. The great majority of limb movements involved proximal joints. With respect to F1, F3 showed the following functional characteristics: (1) lack of segregation between proximal and distal movements, (2) larger percentage of complex movements, and (3) higher excitability threshold.Movements were more difficult to elicit from F6 (the rostral area) than from F3. However, by using a longer stimulus train duration (100 ms) 39.3% of tested sites produced body movements. This percentage increased (50.5%) when the electrical stimulation was applied during monkey natural movements instead of when the monkey was still in its chair. Most of the evoked movements concerned the forelimb. More rarely, neck and upper face movements were observed. Unlike F1 and F3 where most movements were fast, slow movements were frequently observed with stimulation of F6. Many of them mimicked natural movements of the animal. Eye movements were evoked from F7 (superior area 6) but not from F6.An additional motor representation was found in the dorsocaudal part of area 24 (24d). This area is topographically organized with a forelimb representation located caudally and ventrally and a hindlimb representation located rostrally and dorsally. The excitability threshold of area 24d is higher than that of F1 and F3. Evoked movements were occasionally observed also after stimulation of area 24c.In conclusion, on the mesial cortical wall rostral to F1, there are at least three independent motor representations. On the basis of somatotopic organization and excitability properties, we propose that the term supplementary motor area (SMA-proper) should be reserved to F3.