Performance of upland coloured cotton germplasm lines in line x tester crosses
Performance of upland coloured cotton germplasm lines in line x tester crosses
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DOI：
10.1007/s10681-009-9939-y
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发表时间：
2009-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Monga, D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ahuja, S. L.;Dhayal, L. S.;Monga, D.
棉花育种者必须关注天然彩色棉的产量和纤维质量，因为它们比白色棉绒棉差。印度彩色棉有限地利用了杂种优势和相关性研究，以在当今世界市场上保持强大的竞争优势。1995年和1996年用6个白色短绒雌性系F-505、LRK-516、F-846、HS-6、P-31和LH-1134与3个彩色短绒雄性测验种84（绿色短绒）、2,077（中棕色短绒）和H.Taskant（深棕色短绒）杂交，共配制了18个F1彩色棉杂交种。在1996年和1997年对杂交种和亲本进行了杂种优势、相关分析，以了解8个农艺性状和4个纤维品质性状的直接和间接效应。方差分析表明，农艺性状和纤维品质性状在杂种F（1）和亲本间存在显著差异。与亲本相比，彩色棉杂种F（1）的籽棉产量、单株铃数、纤维长度、纤维强度和铃重均较高。三个不同颜色的棉花杂种P-31 × 84（绿色）、F-846 × H.Taskant（深棕色）、F-505 × 2077（中棕色）和LH-1134 × H.Taskant（深棕色）的正杂种优势潜力表明，高产杂种的生产不存在皮棉颜色特异性。对于重要的纤维品质性状如纤维强度也得到了类似的结果。还观察到，即使是低产的白色和有色棉绒亲本也可以杂交以选择高杂种优势。在基因型和表型水平上，籽棉产量与铃数、单铃重、株高、单株单足数、纤维比强度和成熟纤维率均呈显著正相关，表明对相关性状进行选择可提高籽棉产量。合轴分枝数、种子指数、2.5%跨长和马克隆值与籽棉产量呈不显著负相关。通径分析表明，单株铃数和单铃籽棉重是影响产量的主要性状。
Cotton breeders must be concerned with yield and fibre quality of naturally coloured cottons as these are inferior than to white linted cottons. Limited use of heterosis and correlation studies have been made in coloured cotton in India to maintain a strong, competitive edge in today's world market. Totally 18 F(1) (Gossypium hirsutum) coloured cotton hybrids were produced in 1995 and 1996 by crossing six white linted female lines F-505, LRK-516, F-846, HS-6, P-31 and LH-1134 with three colour linted male testers 84 (green linted), 2,077 (medium brown linted) and H.Taskant (dark brown linted). Hybrids and parents were assessed in 1996 and 1997 for heterobeltosis, correlations and to know the direct and indirect effects of eight agronomic and four fibre quality traits. Analysis of variance indicated the existence of significant variation among F(1) hybrids and parents for agronomic and fibre quality traits. F(1) coloured cotton hybrids had higher seed cotton yield, number of bolls/plant, fibre length, fibre strength and heavier bolls in comparison to parents. Positive heterotic potential in three different F(1) coloured cotton hybrids P-31 x 84 (green), F-846 x H.Taskant (dark brown), F-505 x 2077 (medium brown) and LH-1134 x H.Taskant (dark brown) indicated that there is no lint colour specificity for production of higher yielding hybrids. Similar results have been obtained for important fibre quality trait like fibre strength. It was also observed that even low yielding white and coloured linted parents can be crossed to select for high heterosis. Both at genotypic and phenotypic levels, seed cotton yield exhibited positive and significant association with number of bolls, seed cotton weight per boll, plant height, number of monopodia/plant, fibre strength and mature fibre % suggesting that any selection among correlated traits might lead to improvement in seed cotton yield. Number of sympodial branches, seed index and 2.5% span length and micronaire value had non-significant negative association with seed cotton yield. Path analysis identified boll number per plant and seed cotton weight per boll as the principal yield contributing attributes.