A 2–20-GHz Ultralow Phase Noise Signal Source Using a Microwave Oscillator Locked to a Mode-Locked Laser
A 2–20-GHz Ultralow Phase Noise Signal Source Using a Microwave Oscillator Locked to a Mode-Locked Laser
复制标题
DOI：
10.1109/tmtt.2020.3047647
复制
发表时间：
2021-03
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
M. Bahmanian;J. Scheytt
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Bahmanian;J. Scheytt
在这篇文章中，我们发展了一种特殊类型的光电锁相环（PLL）的理论。这种类型的PLL的输出信号在电域中，并且其参考振荡器（通常是锁模激光器）在光域中操作。PLL使用平衡式光学微波相位检测器（BOMPD）。为了建立光电锁相环的数学模型，推导了BOMPD的非线性特性函数和增益。利用相位检测器分析的结果，开发了使用这种相位检测器的光电PLL的理论。在理论分析的基础上，设计并实现了一个频率范围为2 ~ 20 GHz的宽带光电频率合成器。相位噪声测量表明，光电锁相环频率合成器在5 ~ 20 GHz频率范围内的均方根抖动（1 kHz ~ 100 MHz）小于4 fs，典型值为4 fs，最小值为3 fs。这是第一个报道的宽带PLL频率合成器，在3到20 GHz的频率范围内实现了亚10 fs的积分均方根抖动（1 kHz-100 MHz）。与该频率范围内同类最佳实验室级频率合成器的比较表明，对于大于2 kHz的偏移频率，该合成器的相位噪声比任何电子频率合成器都低。
In this article, we develop the theory of a special type of optoelectronic phase-locked loop (PLL). The output signal of this type of PLL is in the electrical domain and its reference oscillator, typically a mode-locked laser, operates in the optical domain. The PLL uses a balanced optical microwave phase detector (BOMPD). In order to model the optoelectronic PLL, the nonlinear characteristic function and the gain of the BOMPD are derived analytically. Using the results of the phase detector analysis, the theory of an optoelectronic PLL using such a phase detector is developed. Based on the theoretical analysis, a broadband optoelectronic frequency synthesizer with a programmable frequency range from 2 to 20 GHz is designed and implemented. Phase noise measurements show that the optoelectronic PLL frequency synthesizer achieves an integrated rms-jitter (1 kHz–100 MHz) of less than 4 fs in the frequency range from 5 to 20 GHz with a typical value of 4 fs and a minimum of 3 fs. This is the first reported wideband PLL frequency synthesizer achieving sub-10-fs integrated rms-jitter (1 kHz–100 MHz) in the frequency range from 3 to 20 GHz. A comparison with best-in-class laboratory-grade frequency synthesizers in this frequency range shows that this synthesizer achieves lower phase noise than any electronic frequency synthesizer for offset frequencies larger than 2 kHz.