A molecular mechanism for the enzymatic methylation of nitrogen atoms within peptide bonds.

A molecular mechanism for the enzymatic methylation of nitrogen atoms within peptide bonds.
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DOI:
10.1126/sciadv.aat2720
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发表时间:
2018-08
期刊:
影响因子:
13.6
通讯作者:
Naismith JH
Naismith JH
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Song H;van der Velden NS;Shiran SL;Bleiziffer P;Zach C;Sieber R;Imani AS;Krausbeck F;Aebi M;Freeman MF;Riniker S;Künzler M;Naismith JH

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We report the structure of a fungal enzyme that activates the amide bond, allowing nucleophilic chemistry. The peptide bond, the defining feature of proteins, governs peptide chemistry by abolishing nucleophilicity of the nitrogen. This and the planarity of the peptide bond arise from the delocalization of the lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom into the adjacent carbonyl. While chemical methylation of an amide bond uses a strong base to generate the imidate, OphA, the precursor protein of the fungal peptide macrocycle omphalotin A, self-hypermethylates amides at pH 7 using S-adenosyl methionine (SAM) as cofactor. The structure of OphA reveals a complex catenane-like arrangement in which the peptide substrate is clamped with its amide nitrogen aligned for nucleophilic attack on the methyl group of SAM. Biochemical data and computational modeling suggest a base-catalyzed reaction with the protein stabilizing the reaction intermediate. Backbone N-methylation of peptides enhances their protease resistance and membrane permeability, a property that holds promise for applications to medicinal chemistry.
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