Burnout among medical students during the first years of undergraduate school: Prevalence and associated factors
Burnout among medical students during the first years of undergraduate school: Prevalence and associated factors
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0191746
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发表时间：
2018-03-07
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Ribeiro Paiva, Bianca Sakamoto
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
dos Santos Boni, Robson Aparecido;Paiva, Carlos Eduardo;Ribeiro Paiva, Bianca Sakamoto
目的评估本科一年级医学生职业倦怠的发生率和可能的相关因素。方法由巴雷托斯健康科学学院的Paulo Prata博士进行横断面研究。共有 330 名医学本科生的头四年级学生被邀请参与填写社会人口学和 Maslach 倦怠量表学生调查 (MBI-SS) 问卷。第一年组由 150 名学生组成，其次是二年级组、三年级组和四年级组，各组 60 名学生。 结果对至少回答了社会人口调查问卷和 MBI-SS 的 265 名学生的数据进行了分析（答复率 = 80.3%）。一名（n = 1，0.3%）潜在参与者查看了知情同意书，但不同意参与研究。共有187名学生（187/265，70.6%）表现出较高程度的情绪疲惫，140名学生（140/265，52.8%）表现出高度愤世嫉俗，129名学生（129/265，48.7%）表现出学业效能感较低。二维标准表明，119 名（44.9%）学生经历过职业倦怠。根据三维标准，70名学生（26.4%）出现职业倦怠。对于这两个标准，受影响学生频率最高的年份是第一年 (p = 0.001)。个人属性能够解释二维标准下 11% (Delta R = 0.11) 的倦怠变异性和三维标准下 14.4% (R-2 = 0.144) 的倦怠变异性。 结论 这项研究表明，采用主动教学方法的私立学校的医学生倦怠发生率很高。在毕业的第一年，学生的个人属性（乐观和健康的自我认知）和学校属性（详尽学习的动机和常规）与较高程度的倦怠有关。这些发现强调了建立针对一年级学生个人特质的预防措施的必要性，从而在课程的后续阶段提供更好的表现、动力、乐观和同理心。
ObjectiveTo evaluate the prevalence and possible factors associated with the development of burnout among medical students in the first years of undergraduate school.MethodA cross-sectional study was conducted at the Barretos School of Health Sciences, Dr. Paulo Prata. A total of 330 students in the first four years of medical undergraduate school were invited to participate in responding to the sociodemographic and Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey (MBI-SS) questionnaires. The first-year group consisted of 150 students, followed by the second-, third-, and fourth-year groups, with 60 students each.ResultsData from 265 students who answered at least the sociodemographic questionnaire and the MBI-SS were analyzed (response rate = 80.3%). One (n = 1, 0.3%) potential participant viewed the Informed Consent Form but did not agree to participate in the study. A total of 187 students (187/265, 70.6%) presented high levels of emotional exhaustion, 140 (140/265, 52.8%) had high cynicism, and 129 (129/265, 48.7%) had low academic efficacy. The two-dimensional criterion indicated that 119 (44.9%) students experienced burnout. Based on the three-dimensional criterion, 70 students (26.4%) presented with burnout. The year with the highest frequency of affected students for both criteria was the first year (p = 0.001). Personal attributes were able to explain 11% (Delta R = 0.11) of the variability of burnout under the two-dimensional criterion and 14.4% (R-2 = 0.144) under the three-dimensional criterion.ConclusionThis study showed a high prevalence of burnout among medical students in a private school using active teaching methodologies. In the first years of graduation, students' personal attributes (optimism and self-perception of health) and school attributes (motivation and routine of the exhaustive study) were associated with higher levels of burnout. These findings reinforce the need to establish preventive measures focused on the personal attributes of first-year students, providing better performance, motivation, optimism, and empathy in the subsequent stages of the course.