Dietary lipids are differentially associated with hippocampal-dependent relational memory in prepubescent children
Dietary lipids are differentially associated with hippocampal-dependent relational memory in prepubescent children
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DOI：
10.3945/ajcn.113.079624
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发表时间：
2014-05-01
影响因子：
7.1
通讯作者：
Cohen, Neal J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Baym, Carol L.;Khan, Naiman A.;Cohen, Neal J.
背景资料：对啮齿类动物和老年人的研究表明，海马体--一种对关系/联想记忆至关重要的大脑结构--由于生活方式因素（如运动）而具有显着的可塑性。然而，在童年时期饮食摄入对大脑依赖性记忆的影响尚未得到证实。目的：我们调查了西方饮食特征的饮食成分（包括饱和脂肪酸（SFA）、ω-3（n-3）脂肪酸和精制糖）与青春期前儿童大脑依赖性关系记忆的横截面关系。设计：7-9岁的参与者（n = 52）通过使用青少年食物频率问卷报告他们的饮食摄入量，并完成旨在评估关系（依赖于记忆）和项目（不依赖于记忆）记忆的记忆任务。直接（准确性）和间接（眼球运动）measures.Results：偏相关调整后的身体质量指数的记忆任务上的性能进行了评估，关系记忆准确性和摄入量的omega-3脂肪酸和负相关的关系和项目记忆准确性与摄入量的脂肪酸之间的正相关。年龄、性别、智商、社会经济地位、青春期时间和有氧健身（最大氧容量）等潜在混杂因素与任何饮食摄入量指标均无显著相关。眼动措施的关系记忆（优先查看目标刺激）表现出负相关的摄入量的添加sugar.Conclusions：SFA的摄入量与这两种形式的记忆呈负相关，而ω-3脂肪酸的摄入量是有选择性的积极。与依赖于记忆的关系记忆有关。这些发现是第一个表明习惯性饮食摄入和认知健康之间存在联系的发现之一，与儿童时期海马体功能有关。Fitness Improves Thinking Kids（FITKids）和FITKids 2试验分别在www.clinicaltrials.gov注册为NCT 01334359和NCT 01619826。
Background: Studies in rodents and older humans have shown that the hippocampus a brain structure critical to relational/associative memory has remarkable plasticity as a result of lifestyle factors (eg, exercise). However, the effect of dietary intake on hippocampal-dependent memory during childhood has remained unexamined.Objective: We investigated the cross-sectional relation of dietary components characteristic of the Western diet, including saturated fatty acids (SFAs), omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids, and refined sugar, with hippocampal-dependent relational memory in prepubescent children.Design: Participants aged 7-9 y (n = 52) reported their dietary intake by using the Youth-Adolescent Food-Frequency Questionnaire and completed memory tasks designed to assess relational (hippocampal-dependent) and item (hippocampal-independent) memory. Performance on the memory tasks was assessed with both direct (accuracy) and indirect (eye movement) measures.Results: Partial correlations adjusted for body mass index showed a positive relation between relational memory accuracy and intake of omega-3 fatty acids and a negative relation of both relational and item memory accuracy with intake of SFAs. Potential confounding factors of age, sex, intelligence quotient, socioeconomic status, pubertal timing, and aerobic fitness (maximal oxygen volume) were not significantly related to any of the dietary intake measures. Eye movement measures of relational memory (preferential viewing to the target stimulus) showed a negative relation with intake of added sugar.Conclusions: SFA intake was negatively associated with both forms of memory, whereas omega-3 fatty acid intake was selectively positively. associated with hippocampal-dependent relational memory. These findings are among the first to show a link between habitual dietary intake and cognitive health as pertaining to hippocampal function in childhood. The Fitness Improves Thinking Kids (FITKids) and FITKids2 trials were registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01334359 and NCT01619826, respectively.