Retrieval of Martian Atmospheric CO Vertical Profiles From NOMAD Observations During the First Year of TGO Operations

Retrieval of Martian Atmospheric CO Vertical Profiles From NOMAD Observations During the First Year of TGO Operations
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TGO 运行第一年期间从 NOMAD 观测中检索火星大气 CO 垂直剖面

DOI:
10.1029/2022je007282
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发表时间:
2023
期刊:
Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Patel M
Patel M
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Modak A.;Lopez‐Valverde M. A.;Brines A.;Stolzenbach A.;Funke B.;Gonzalez‐Galindo F.;Hill B.;Aoki S.;Thomas I.;Liuzzi G.;Villanueva G.;Erwin J.;Lopez Moreno J. J.;Yoshida N.;Grabowski U.;Forget F.;Daerden F.;Ristic B.;Bellucci G.;Patel M

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我们首次提供了火星大气中约100公里的CO密度分布,这些分布是由外火星痕量气体轨道器(TGO)上的Nadir和火星发现掩星(Nomad)进行的太阳掩星测量获得的。在火星上,CO是一种重要的痕量气体,它受CO2光解、与OH自由基的化学反应和全球动力学的控制。然而,直到TGO到来之前,CO垂直剖面的测量一直难以捉摸。我们展示了Nomad CO变化如何很好地描述了火星的大气环流。在高峰期,我们观察到对流层上层和中间层CO的耗竭,LS=1190°-200°,在北纬地区更为明显,这证实了TGO上的大气化学套件最近报道的类似结果。然而,在大约20公里的对流层低层,至少在南半球的高纬度,在全球沙尘暴(GDS)爆发期间,Nomad CO混合比增加了1500多ppmv。这可能与哈德利环流的下沉分支有关。当沙尘负荷仍然很大时,在GDS的衰变阶段,当沙尘负荷仍然很高时,在LS=约210°-250°附近观察到对流层CO的增加。这可能与由于缺乏太阳辐射而减少了低层大气中的OH自由基的数量有关。一旦GDS结束,全球范围内的CO在南部夏季期间稳步下降。报道和讨论了与夏至和春分环流有关的两种不同的CO模式。
We present CO density profiles up to about 100 km in the Martian atmosphere obtained for the first time from retrievals of solar occultation measurements by the Nadir and Occultation for Mars Discovery (NOMAD) onboard ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter (TGO). CO is an important trace gas on Mars, as it is controlled by CO2photolysis, chemical reaction with the OH radicals, and the global dynamics. However, the measurements of CO vertical profiles have been elusive until the arrival of TGO. We show how the NOMAD CO variations describe very well the Mars general circulation. We observe a depletion of CO in the upper troposphere and mesosphere during the peak period,LS= 190°–200°, more pronounced over the northern latitudes, confirming a similar result recently reported by Atmospheric Chemistry Suite onboard TGO. However, in the lower troposphere around 20 km, and at least at high latitudes of the S. hemisphere, NOMAD CO mixing ratios increase over 1,500 ppmv during the GDS (Global Dust Storm) onset. This might be related to the downwelling branch of the Hadley circulation. A subsequent increase in tropospheric CO is observed during the decay phase of the GDS aroundLS= 210°–250° when the dust loading is still high. This could be associated with a reduction in the amount of OH radicals in the lower atmosphere due to lack of solar insolation. Once the GDS is over, CO steadily decreases globally during the southern summer season. A couple of distinct CO patterns associated with the Summer solstice and equinox circulation are reported and discussed.
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