The semantics of anchoring
The semantics of anchoring
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DOI：
10.1006/obhd.2001.2954
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发表时间：
2001-11-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Strack, F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mussweiler, T;Strack, F
先前的研究表明，判断锚定效应——将数字估计同化到先前考虑的标准——本质上是语义的。它们的产生是由于在与锚点比较过程中激活的关于目标对象的语义知识影响了绝对判断。除了这种语义影响外，数值锚值本身也可能在特定条件下产生影响。本研究旨在检验这两种机制的相对强度，并探索它们的边界条件。研究1和2表明，语义锚定效应比纯粹的数字效应更有效。研究3进一步表明，纯粹的数字效应只有在可获得的语义知识不适用于关键判断时才会起作用，从而使语义影响丧失能力。从一个综合模型的角度讨论了这些发现的含义，该模型区分了锚定的两个阶段。虽然纯粹的数字影响似乎仅限于锚点选择阶段，但与目标的实际比较涉及更复杂的语义过程。(C) 2001学术出版社。
Previous research has demonstrated that judgmental anchoring effects-the assimilation of a numeric estimate to a previously considered standard-are semantic in nature. They result because the semantic knowledge about the target object that is activated during the comparison with the anchor influences the absolute judgment. In addition to this semantic influence, the numeric anchor value itself may also yield an effect under specific conditions. The present research was designed to examine the relative strength of both mechanisms and explore their boundary conditions. Studies 1 and 2 demonstrate that semantic anchoring effects are more potent than purely numeric effects. Study 3 further suggests that purely numeric effects only operate if accessible semantic knowledge is inapplicable to the critical judgment so that semantic influences are incapacitated. The implications of these findings are discussed from the perspective of an integrative model which differentiates between two stages of anchoring. Whereas purely numeric influences appear to be limited to the stage of anchor selection, the actual comparison with the target involves more elaborate semantic processes. (C) 2001 Academic Press.