Global Dispersal Pattern of HIV Type 1 Subtype CRF01_AE: A Genetic Trace of Human Mobility Related to Heterosexual Sexual Activities Centralized in Southeast Asia
Global Dispersal Pattern of HIV Type 1 Subtype CRF01_AE: A Genetic Trace of Human Mobility Related to Heterosexual Sexual Activities Centralized in Southeast Asia
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DOI：
10.1093/infdis/jiu666
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发表时间：
2015-06-01
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Paraskevis, Dimitrios
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Angelis, Konstantinos;Albert, Jan;Paraskevis, Dimitrios
背景人类免疫缺陷病毒1型（HIV-1）亚型CRF01_AE起源于非洲，然后传到泰国，在那里建立了一个主要的流行病。尽管全球存在的CRF01_AE，鲜为人知的是，其随后的分散pattern.Methods。aEuro积分我们组装了一个全球数据集的2736 CRF01_AE序列从公共数据库和患者队列研究的汇集序列。我们估计病毒的传播模式，使用统计学的地理分析运行的引导树估计的最大似然法。结果。aEuro integral我们表明，泰国一直是病毒传播的来源，全球大部分地区，包括17的20个抽样国家在欧洲。日本、新加坡、越南和其他亚洲国家在病毒传播中扮演了次要角色。相比之下，中国和台湾主要进口菌株从邻近的亚洲国家，北美和非洲没有任何显着的病毒exportation.Discussion.aEuro积分泰国在全球传播的CRF01_AE的核心作用，可能是解释泰国作为一个度假目的地的流行性，其特点是性旅游和泰国移民到西方世界。我们的研究强调了CRF01_AE的独特情况，这是唯一一个全球分布的非B分支，其全球传播并非起源于非洲。
Background. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) subtype CRF01_AE originated in Africa and then passed to Thailand, where it established a major epidemic. Despite the global presence of CRF01_AE, little is known about its subsequent dispersal pattern.Methods.aEuro integral We assembled a global data set of 2736 CRF01_AE sequences by pooling sequences from public databases and patient-cohort studies. We estimated viral dispersal patterns, using statistical phylogeographic analysis run over bootstrap trees estimated by the maximum likelihood method.Results.aEuro integral We show that Thailand has been the source of viral dispersal to most areas worldwide, including 17 of 20 sampled countries in Europe. Japan, Singapore, Vietnam, and other Asian countries have played a secondary role in the viral dissemination. In contrast, China and Taiwan have mainly imported strains from neighboring Asian countries, North America, and Africa without any significant viral exportation.Discussion.aEuro integral The central role of Thailand in the global spread of CRF01_AE can be probably explained by the popularity of Thailand as a vacation destination characterized by sex tourism and by Thai emigration to the Western world. Our study highlights the unique case of CRF01_AE, the only globally distributed non-B clade whose global dispersal did not originate in Africa.