Mixing of meteoric and geothermal fluids supports hyperdiverse chemosynthetic hydrothermal communities
Mixing of meteoric and geothermal fluids supports hyperdiverse chemosynthetic hydrothermal communities
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DOI：
10.1038/s41467-019-08499-1
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发表时间：
2019-02-08
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Boyd, Eric S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Colman, Daniel R.;Lindsay, Melody R.;Boyd, Eric S.
很少有人知道如何混合的流星和地热流体支持非光合生态系统的生物多样性。在这里，我们使用宏基因组测序，以调查在黄石国家公园的温泉（SJ3），表现出地球化学与减少火山气体影响的端员与氧化近地表流星端员混合一致的化能合成微生物群落。SJ3拥有一个非常多样化的社区，代表了50%的已知高阶古细菌和细菌谱系，包括几个不同的深分支谱系。与其他可用的化学合成群落宏基因组的功能潜力的比较揭示了类似的高多样性和功能潜力（即，由火山气体提供的电子供体的结合）在由混合流体来源的泉中。此外，许多密切相关的SJ3种群具有差异化的代谢，可能起到最小化生态位重叠的作用，进一步增加地方性多样性。我们认为，地下和近地表地质过程产生的沃茨的动态混合可能在热液和其他类似环境中的化学合成生物多样性的产生和维持中发挥关键作用。
Little is known of how mixing of meteoric and geothermal fluids supports biodiversity in non-photosynthetic ecosystems. Here, we use metagenomic sequencing to investigate a chemosynthetic microbial community in a hot spring (SJ3) of Yellowstone National Park that exhibits geochemistry consistent with mixing of a reduced volcanic gas-influenced end member with an oxidized near-surface meteoric end member. SJ3 hosts an exceptionally diverse community with representatives from similar to 50% of known higher-order archaeal and bacterial lineages, including several divergent deep-branching lineages. A comparison of functional potential with other available chemosynthetic community metagenomes reveals similarly high diversity and functional potentials (i.e., incorporation of electron donors supplied by volcanic gases) in springs sourced by mixed fluids. Further, numerous closely related SJ3 populations harbor differentiated metabolisms that may function to minimize niche overlap, further increasing endemic diversity. We suggest that dynamic mixing of waters generated by subsurface and near-surface geological processes may play a key role in the generation and maintenance of chemosynthetic biodiversity in hydrothermal and other similar environments.