Building a Data Platform for Cross-Country Urban Health Studies: the SALURBAL Study
Building a Data Platform for Cross-Country Urban Health Studies: the SALURBAL Study
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DOI：
10.1007/s11524-018-00326-0
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发表时间：
2019-04-01
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Stankov, Ivana
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Quistberg, D. Alex;Roux, Ana V. Diez;Stankov, Ivana
审查城市健康和环境的研究必须确保不同城市和国家的措施具有可比性。我们描述了一个数据平台和过程，将健康结果与物理和社会环境数据整合在一起，以检查11个拉丁美洲国家城市的健康多层次方面。我们使用了两个互补的数据来源来确定2010年阿根廷、巴西、智利、哥伦比亚、哥斯达黎加、萨尔瓦多萨尔瓦多、危地马拉、墨西哥、尼加拉瓜、巴拿马和秘鲁的10万居民的城市。我们以三种方式定义城市：行政上的，定量的卫星图像，以及基于国家定义的大都市区。除了城市之外，我们还使用人口普查层次结构确定了子城市单位和较小的社区。选定的物理环境（例如，城市形态、空气污染和交通）和社会环境（例如，收入、教育、安全）数据尽可能使用一系列来源为城市、次城市单位和社区汇编。统一的死亡率和健康调查数据与城市和次城市单位挂钩。更精细的地理参考正在进行中。我们确定了11个国家的371个城市和1436个次级城市单位。城市人口中位数为234，553人（IQR 141，942; 500，398）。该平台的初步任务-有系统地组织城市-已经完成，正在进行的进一步发展包括利用现有资源统一死亡率和调查措施，以便进行国家间比较。可以利用现有数据建立一系列物质和社会环境指标。灵活的多层次数据结构适应了可用数据的异质性，并允许提出与物理和社会环境变量与城市内和城市间健康结果变异性的关联相关的各种多层次研究问题。建立这样的数据平台，很有希望支持拉丁美洲城市健康领域更精细的研究，并作为评估旨在改善城市健康和环境可持续性的政策的资源。
Studies examining urban health and the environment must ensure comparability of measures across cities and countries. We describe a data platform and process that integrates health outcomes together with physical and social environment data to examine multilevel aspects of health across cities in 11 Latin American countries. We used two complementary sources to identify cities with 100,000 inhabitants as of 2010 in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, and Peru. We defined cities in three ways: administratively, quantitatively from satellite imagery, and based on country-defined metropolitan areas. In addition to cities, we identified sub-city units and smaller neighborhoods within them using census hierarchies. Selected physical environment (e.g., urban form, air pollution and transport) and social environment (e.g., income, education, safety) data were compiled for cities, sub-city units, and neighborhoods whenever possible using a range of sources. Harmonized mortality and health survey data were linked to city and sub-city units. Finer georeferencing is underway. We identified 371 cities and 1436 sub-city units in the 11 countries. The median city population was 234,553 inhabitants (IQR 141,942; 500,398). The systematic organization of cities, the initial task of this platform, was accomplished and further ongoing developments include the harmonization of mortality and survey measures using available sources for between country comparisons. A range of physical and social environment indicators can be created using available data. The flexible multilevel data structure accommodates heterogeneity in the data available and allows for varied multilevel research questions related to the associations of physical and social environment variables with variability in health outcomes within and across cities. The creation of such data platforms holds great promise to support researching with greater granularity the field of urban health in Latin America as well as serving as a resource for the evaluation of policies oriented to improve the health and environmental sustainability of cities.