Homo- and transnegativity in sport in Europe: Experiences of LGBT+ individuals in various sport settings
Homo- and transnegativity in sport in Europe: Experiences of LGBT+ individuals in various sport settings
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欧洲体育运动中的同性和跨否定性：LGBT 个体在各种体育环境中的经历
DOI：
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Birgit Braumüller
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
I. Hartmann;Tobias Menzel;Birgit Braumüller
有广泛的学术共识，LGBT+个人在体育文化和学术文献中被边缘化。虽然大多数学术研究是在美国，英国，加拿大和澳大利亚进行的，本研究是第一次提供一个全面的情况和经验的LGBT+个人在体育在欧洲的基础上定量在线调查与LGBT+受访者16岁以上（N = 5524）。在了解LGBT+个人和少数民族压力模型的经验的多层次模型的背景下，本文重点讨论了两个问题：首先，如果，以及在何种程度上，LGBT+个人见证或经历同性恋/跨阴性事件在体育运动，其次，他们是否不参加体育运动和/或感到被排除在特定的体育运动，由于他们的性取向和/或性别认同。该分析考虑到了LGBT+保护伞内的性取向和性别认同的各种交叉点以及反映体育文化广泛范围的不同体育背景。数据显示，非cisgender的人组成的LGBT+伞内最脆弱的群体，并有一个反向关系的远/近端的压力源与同性恋恐惧症的语言在不同的体育环境的经验。
There is broad academic consensus that LGBT+ individuals have been marginalised in both sporting culture and in the academic literature. While the majority of academic research is conducted in the USA, UK, Canada and Australia, the present research is the first to provide a comprehensive picture of the situation and experiences of LGBT+ individuals in sport in Europe based on a quantitative online survey with LGBT+ respondents over 16 years old (N = 5524). Against the background of a multilevel model for understanding the experiences of LGBT+ individuals and the minority stress model, this article focuses on two questions: firstly, if, and to what extent, LGBT+ individuals witness or experience homo-/transnegative episodes in sport and, secondly, whether they refrain from participating in sport and/or feel excluded from specific sports due to their sexual orientation and/or gender identity. The analysis takes into account diverse intersections of sexual orientation and gender identities within the umbrella of LGBT+ and different sport contexts that reflect the broad scope of sport cultures. Data reveal that non-cisgender persons make up the most vulnerable group within the umbrella of LGBT+ and that there is an inverse relation of distal/proximal stressors with regard to experiences of homophobic language in different sport contexts.