Change trends of surface water quality in the mainstream of the Yangtze River during the past four decades.
Change trends of surface water quality in the mainstream of the Yangtze River during the past four decades.
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DOI：
10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2020.03.07
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发表时间：
2020-01-01
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Zhang, F. Y.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Chen, Shan-rong;He, Li-huan;Zhang, F. Y.
为了解长江水质现状及变化趋势，研究了1981-2019年长江干流水质变化特征，总结了长江干流地表水水质监测历史。选取高锰酸盐指数、氨氮和总磷作为研究因子，探讨和分析长江干流地表水环境的变化趋势。分析了长江上游、中游、下游不同连续监测断面的水质变化特征。结果表明：(1)1981年至2019年，水质监测发展迅速，长江干流水质监测在监测断面数量、监测频次、监测项目、地表水水质标准等方面发生了重大变化；(2)长江干流地表水水质较好；长江上游水质好于中下游；上游水中高锰酸盐指数(CODMn)、相对湿度(NH3-N)和氨氮(TP)均低于中下游。(3)高锰酸盐指数和氨氮的年平均浓度在1981~2005年期间呈现不同的变化，2006年后总体呈逐渐下降的趋势。(4)2006年以来，长江干流水质逐步改善；总磷(CODMn)、Rho(NH3-N)和HHO(TP)呈下降趋势。(5)近年来，长江干流水体总磷污染程度高于高锰酸盐指数和氨氮，应引起高度重视。政府相关措施对长江水质改善起到了积极作用，极大地改善了长江流域的整体水质，进一步改善了长江干流的水质。
In order to understand the status and change trends of water quality of the Yangtze River, the characteristics of water quality change in the main stream of the Yangtze River during 1981 to 2019 were studied, and the monitoring history of surface water quality in the main stream of the Yangtze River was summarized. The permanganate index, ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus were selected as research factors to explore and analyze the change trends of surface water environment in the main stream of the Yangtze River. The water quality change characteristics of different continuous monitoring sections in the upper, middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River were analyzed. The results show that:(1)From 1981 to 2019, water quality monitoring developed rapidly, and the water quality monitoring of the mainstream of the Yangtze River underwent significant changes in the number of monitoring sections, monitoring frequency, monitoring items, and surface water quality standards.(2)The surface water quality of the mainstream of the Yangtze River was relatively good;the water quality in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River was better than that of the middle and lower reaches;therho(CODMn),rho(NH3-N)andrho(TP)in the upstream water were lower than those in the middle and lower reaches.(3)The annual average concentrations of permanganate index and ammonia nitrogen showed different changes during the period from 1981 to 2005, and generally showed a gradually decreasing trend after 2006.(4)Since 2006, the water quality in the mainstream of the Yangtze River improved gradually;therho(CODMn),rho(NH3-N)andrho(TP)showed decreasing trends.(5)In recent years, the pollution degree of total phosphorus in the main stream of the Yangtze River was higher than the permanganate index and ammonia nitrogen, and more attention should be paid. Relevant government measures had a positive effect on the improvement of water quality of the Yangtze River, which has greatly improved the overall water quality of the Yangtze River Basin and further improved the water quality of the main stream of the Yangtze River.