Early exposure to genistein exerts long-lasting effects on the endocrine and immune systems in rats
Early exposure to genistein exerts long-lasting effects on the endocrine and immune systems in rats
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DOI：
10.1007/bf03402038
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发表时间：
2002-11-01
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Gearhart, JP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Klein, SL;Wisniewski, AB;Gearhart, JP
背景：虽然内源性和合成雌激素的免疫学效应已被广泛研究，但很少有研究研究植物雌激素(即植物来源的雌激素)对免疫系统的激素效应。本研究的主要目的是比较围产期和终生暴露于大豆中的雌激素化合物染料木素对成年大鼠内分泌和免疫系统的影响。材料和方法：妊娠雌性大鼠在整个孕期和哺乳期分别摄入NO、低剂量(5 mg/kg饲料)和高剂量(300 mg/kg饲料)染料木素。在断奶时，围产期暴露于金雀异黄素的雄性后代要么切换到不含金雀异黄素的饮食，要么继续服用金雀异黄素。在70日龄时，对雄性后代的免疫器官质量、淋巴细胞亚群、细胞因子浓度和睾酮浓度进行评估。结果：数据基于雄性在妊娠期和哺乳期暴露的饮食进行分析，因为终身暴露于金雀异黄素对任何依赖指标都没有额外影响。暴露于高金雀异黄素饮食的男性的胸腺相对质量比没有金雀异黄素饮食的男性大。染金雀异黄素对小鼠脾和胸腺的CD8(+)T细胞比例无明显影响，但小鼠脾中的CD8(+)胸腺细胞、CD8(+)胸腺细胞比例和T细胞总数均高于未染金雀异黄素组，而胸腺细胞比例低于未染金雀异黄素组。与不接触金雀异黄素的男性相比，金雀异黄素暴露组的干扰素-γ合成略高，睾酮浓度较低。讨论：这些数据表明，孕期和哺乳期金雀异黄素暴露对成年后的内分泌和免疫系统有长期的影响。在发育早期暴露于植物雌激素是否会影响对传染病或自身免疫性疾病以及后来的癌症的反应，这需要研究。
Background: Although the immunologic effects of endogenous and synthetic estrogens are well studied, few studies have examined the hormonal effects of phytoestrogens (i.e., plant-derived estrogens) on the immune system. The primary goal of this study was to compare the effects of perinatal exposure with life-long exposure to genistein, an estrogenic compound in soy, on the endocrine and immune system in adulthood.Materials and Methods: Pregnant female rats were exposed to no, low (5 mg/kg diet), or high (300 mg/kg diet) genistein diets throughout gestation and lactation. At weaning, male offspring exposed to genistein perinatally were either switched to the genistein-free diet or remained on the genistein-dosed diets. At 70 days of age, immune organ masses, lymphocyte subpopulations, cytokine concentrations, and testosterone concentrations were assessed in male offspring.Results: Data were analyzed based on the diets that males were exposed to during gestation and lactation because life-long exposure to genistein had no additional effect on any of the dependent measures. Relative thymus masses were greater among males exposed to the high genistein diet than among males exposed to no genistein. Although the proportions of splenic and thymic CD4(+) T cells were not altered by genistein, the percentages of CD4(+)CD8(+) thymocytes, CD8(+) splenocytes, and total T cells in the spleen were higher and the percentages of CD4(-)CD8(-) thymocytes were lower among males exposed to genistein than among males not exposed to genistein. Synthesis of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) was marginally higher and testosterone concentrations were lower among genistein-exposed than genistein-free males.Discussion: These data illustrate that exposure to genistein during pregnancy and lactation exerts long-lasting effects on the endocrine and immune systems in adulthood. Whether exposure to phytoestrogens during early development affects responses to infectious or autoimmune diseases, as well as cancers, later in life requires investigation.