Criticality Assessment of Metals for Japan's Resource Strategy
Criticality Assessment of Metals for Japan's Resource Strategy
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DOI：
10.2320/matertrans.m2014380
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发表时间：
2015-02-01
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
Tahara, Kiyotaka
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hatayama, Hiroki;Tahara, Kiyotaka
金属的临界性评估被用来分析一个国家的供应风险和对供应限制的脆弱性。这项研究介绍了日本在2012年对22种金属的临界值。过去的评估只侧重于稀有金属，而这里的评估目标既包括普通金属，也包括稀有金属。此外，一种新的分析方法将矿产利息充足性作为关键组成部分。本研究开发的评估框架包括供应风险、价格风险、需求风险、回收限制和潜在风险五个风险类别中的13个临界性成分。权重因子被用来将各组成部分聚合为单一分数。这一框架反映了政府最近关于日本资源战略的一项声明。由于最近需求的增加，发现了对钕、镝和铟的高临界性。由于生产集中在巴西，Nb的临界性也很高。其他稀有金属和普通金属之间的聚合临界分数几乎没有差异。对于稀有金属，聚集临界性主要受生产浓度和回收难度的影响。对于普通金属，由于耗尽时间较短和全球矿山产量的增长，聚合临界性增加。与之前的一项研究相比，由于国内需求减少，2012年钨和钽的临界性较低。本研究提出的分析方法和结果将对日本资源战略的制定有一定的参考价值。
Criticality assessment of metals has been developed to analyze a country's supply risk and vulnerability to supply restriction. This study presents Japan's criticality of 22 metals during 2012. Whereas a past assessment focused only on minor metals, evaluation targets here included both common and minor metals. In addition, a new analytic method included mineral interest sufficiency as a criticality component. The evaluation framework developed in this study included 13 criticality components within five risk categories: supply risk, price risk, demand risk, recycling restriction, and potential risk. Weighting factors were used to aggregate components into a single score. This framework reflects a recent government announcement about Japan's resource strategy. High criticality was found for neodymium, dysprosium, and indium due to a recent increase in demand. Niobium also had high criticality due to production concentration in Brazil. There were few differences in the aggregated criticality scores between the other minor metals and common metals. For minor metals, aggregated criticality was mainly increased by production concentration and recycling difficulty. For common metals, aggregated criticality was increased by short depletion time and growth in global mine production. Compared with a previous study, in 2012 the criticality of tungsten and tantalum were lower due to reduced domestic demand. The analytic methods and results presented in this study will be useful in developing Japan's resource strategy.