Origin and Distribution of Hydrogen Sulfide in Oil‐Bearing Basins, China
Origin and Distribution of Hydrogen Sulfide in Oil‐Bearing Basins, China
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1755-6724.2009.00139.x
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发表时间：
2009-12
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Z. Guangyou;Zhang Shui-chang;Liang Yingbo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Z. Guangyou;Zhang Shui-chang;Liang Yingbo
中国含油盆地硫化氢气体（H2S）的浓度变化很大，从0到90%不等。目前，在渤海湾盆地、四川盆地和塔里木盆地发现了高H2S浓度的油气藏，而在鄂尔多斯盆地、松辽盆地和准噶尔盆地发现了低H2S浓度的天然气。研究表明，中国硫化氢的成因类型非常复杂。在四川盆地、鄂尔多斯盆地和塔里木盆地的碳酸盐岩储层中，以及渤海湾盆地济阳坳陷罗家地区、黄骅坳陷武马营地区和冀中坳陷赵兰庄地区的碳酸盐岩为主储层中，H2S为热化学硫酸盐还原（TSR）成因。从松辽盆地长横油田（长背斜油田）注水过程中推断出H2S为细菌硫酸盐还原（BSR）成因。H2S主要来源于准噶尔盆地稠油区和渤海湾盆地西部凹陷辽河稠油蒸汽先导区含硫原油的热分解作用。成因类型最为复杂，包括TSR和硫化物热分解等多种成因。人们尝试了各种方法来确定H2S的起源机制和预测H2S的分布。硫化氢成因识别方法主要包括硫碳同位素、储层岩石学、特定生物标志物和油气地质综合技术；结合使用这些应用程序可以准确识别H2S的来源。分别建立了硫化氢原生和次生成因预测技术。
The concentration of hydrogen sulfide gas (H2S) varies greatly in the oil‐bearing basins of China, from zero to 90%. At present, oil and gas reservoirs with high H2S concentration have been discovered in three basins, viz. the Bohai Bay Basin, Sichuan Basin and the Tarim Basin, whereas natural gas with low H2S concentration has been found in the Ordos Basin, the Songliao Basin and the Junggar Basin. Studies suggest that in China H2S origin types are very complex. In the carbonate reservoir of the Sichuan Basin, the Ordos Basin and the Tarim Basin, as well as the carbonate‐dominated reservoir in the Luojia area of the Jiyang depression in the Bohai Bay Basin, Wumaying areas of the Huanghua depression, and Zhaolanzhuang areas of the Jizhong depression, the H2S is of Thermochemical Sulfate Reduction (TSR) origin. The H2S is of Bacterial Sulphate Reduction (BSR) origin deduced from the waterflooding operation in the Changheng Oilfield (placanticline oil fields) in the Songliao Basin. H2S originates from thermal decomposition of sulfur‐bearing crude oil in the heavy oil area in the Junggar Basin and in the Liaohe heavy oil steam pilot area in the western depression of the Bohai Bay Basin. The origin types are most complex, including TSR and thermal decomposition of sulfcompounds among other combinations of causes. Various methods have been tried to identify the origin mechanism and to predict the distribution of H2S. The origin identification methods for H2S mainly comprise sulfur and carbon isotopes, reservoir petrology, particular biomarkers, and petroleum geology integrated technologies; using a combination of these applications can allow the accurate identification of the origins of H2S. The prediction technologies for primary and secondary origin of H2S have been set up separately.