Differential Intracochlear Sound Pressure Measurements in Normal Human Temporal Bones
Differential Intracochlear Sound Pressure Measurements in Normal Human Temporal Bones
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DOI：
10.1007/s10162-008-0150-y
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发表时间：
2009-03-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Rosowski, John J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Nakajima, Hideko Heidi;Dong, Wei;Rosowski, John J.
我们提出了第一个同时声压测量在前庭和鼓室的耳蜗在人类尸体颞骨。我们采用的技术，利用微型光纤压力传感器，可以研究耳蜗底部的声压差。这种压差是耳蜗隔板的输入，驱动耳蜗波和听觉转导。在我们的研究结果中，除了非常低和高的频率外，前庭scala （PSV）的声压远远大于中鼓scala （PST）的声压，其中PST显著影响耳蜗的输入。与单独的PSV相比，压差（PSV- pst）是一种更好的听骨声音转导测量方法：当听骨链断开时，PSV- pst降低了30至50 dB，而PSV则没有降低那么多。中耳增益PSV/PEC和归一化耳道压差(PSV- pst)/PEC一般呈频带通关系。在频率高于1khz时，中耳增益的群体延迟约为83 μ s，是沙鼠的两倍多。同时测量镫骨速度产生耳蜗输入阻抗、隔区差分阻抗和圆窗阻抗的估计。差分阻抗一般为电阻阻抗，而圆窗阻抗则与分布惯性和阻尼的柔度一致。我们测量压差的技术可用于研究内耳传导性病变（如半圆形裂），以及非听骨耳蜗刺激（如圆窗刺激和骨传导），这些情况不能完全通过测量镫骨速度或前庭鳞片压力来量化。
We present the first simultaneous sound pressure measurements in scala vestibuli and scala tympani of the cochlea in human cadaveric temporal bones. The technique we employ, which exploits microscale fiberoptic pressure sensors, enables the study of differential sound pressure at the cochlear base. This differential pressure is the input to the cochlear partition, driving cochlear waves and auditory transduction. In our results, the sound pressure in scala vestibuli (PSV) was much greater than scala tympani pressure (PST), except for very low and high frequencies where PST significantly affected the input to the cochlea. The differential pressure (PSV-PST) is a superior measure of ossicular transduction of sound compared to PSV alone: (PSV-PST) was reduced by 30 to 50 dB when the ossicular chain was disarticulated, whereas PSV was not reduced as much. The middle ear gain PSV/PEC and the differential pressure normalized to ear canal pressure ( PSV-PST)/PEC were generally bandpass in frequency dependence. At frequencies above 1 kHz, the group delay in the middle ear gain is about 83 mu s, over twice that of the gerbil. Concurrent measurements of stapes velocity produced estimates of cochlear input impedance, the differential impedance across the partition, and round window impedance. The differential impedance was generally resistive, while the round window impedance was consistent with compliance in conjunction with distributed inertia and damping. Our technique of measuring differential pressure can be used to study inner ear conductive pathologies (e. g., semicircular dehiscence), as well as non-ossicular cochlear stimulation (e. g., round window stimulation and bone conduction)-situations that cannot be completely quantified by measurements of stapes velocity or scala vestibuli pressure by themselves.