Comparison of the Respiratory Microbiome in Healthy Nonsmokers and Smokers
Comparison of the Respiratory Microbiome in Healthy Nonsmokers and Smokers
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DOI：
10.1164/rccm.201210-1913oc
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发表时间：
2013-05-15
影响因子：
24.7
通讯作者：
Weinstock, George M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Morris, Alison;Beck, James M.;Weinstock, George M.
基本原理：结果从16 S rDNA编码基因序列为基础的，文化独立的技术导致了相互矛盾的结论的组成下呼吸道microbiome.Objectives：比较微生物组的上呼吸道和下呼吸道健康的HIV-未感染的非吸烟者和吸烟者在一个多中心coherent.Methods：参与者是非吸烟者和吸烟者没有显着的合并症。以标准化方式收集口腔冲洗液和支气管镜肺泡灌洗液。进行细菌16 S rRNA编码基因的序列分析，并在社区生态学中的中性模型被用来识别细菌，是最合理的成员的肺microbiome. Measures和主要结果：64名参与者被招募。在肺中鉴定的大多数细菌也在口腔中，但与中性模型预测的值相比，特定细菌（如肠杆菌科、嗜血杆菌、甲基杆菌和罗尔斯通氏菌属）在肺中的代表性较低。滋养细胞瘤也在肺部，但不是口腔。口腔社区不同的非吸烟者和吸烟者之间的物种，如卟啉单胞菌，奈瑟氏菌，Gemella，但肺部细菌种群doesn 't.Conclusions：这项研究是最大的检查健康个体的下呼吸道微生物组的组成和第一个使用中性模型来比较肺口。特定细菌在肺部的丰度似乎比它们来源于口腔的预期丰度低得多，这表明肺部微生物组并不完全来源于口腔。非吸烟者和吸烟者的口腔微生物组不同，但吸烟并没有显著改变肺部群落。
Rationale: Results from 16S rDNA-encoding gene sequence-based, culture-independent techniques have led to conflicting conclusions about the composition of the lower respiratory tract microbiome.Objectives: To compare the microbiome of the upper and lower respiratory tract in healthy HIV-uninfected nonsmokers and smokers in a multicenter cohort.Methods: Participants were nonsmokers and smokers without significant comorbidities. Oral washes and bronchoscopic alveolar lavages were collected in a standardized manner. Sequence analysis of bacterial 16S rRNA-encoding genes was performed, and the neutral model in community ecology was used to identify bacteria that were the most plausible members of a lung microbiome.Measurements and Main Results: Sixty-four participants were enrolled. Most bacteria identified in the lung were also in the mouth, but specific bacteria such as Enterobacteriaceae, Haemophilus, Methylobacterium, and Ralstonia species were disproportionally represented in the lungs compared with values predicted by the neutral model. Tropheryma was also in the lung, but not the mouth. Mouth communities differed between nonsmokers and smokers in species such as Porphyromonas, Neisseria, and Gemella, but lung bacterial populations did not.Conclusions: This study is the largest to examine composition of the lower respiratory tract microbiome in healthy individuals and the first to use the neutral model to compare the lung to the mouth. Specific bacteria appear insignificantly higher abundance in the lungs than would be expected if they originated from the mouth, demonstrating that the lung microbiome does not derive entirely from the mouth. The mouth microbiome differs in nonsmokers and smokers, but lung communities were not significantly altered by smoking.