Rapid assessment of the cost-effectiveness of low impact development for CSO control
Rapid assessment of the cost-effectiveness of low impact development for CSO control
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DOI：
10.1016/j.landurbplan.2007.02.004
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发表时间：
2007-09
影响因子：
9.1
通讯作者：
F. Montalto;C. Behr;K. Alfredo;M. Wolf;Matvey Arye;M. Walsh
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
F. Montalto;C. Behr;K. Alfredo;M. Wolf;Matvey Arye;M. Walsh
本文提出了一个简单的模型，用于评估在低影响开发（LID），以减少合并下水道溢流（CSOs）在城市流域的投资的成本效益。LID系统，包括绿色屋顶、多孔路面和雨水处理湿地，是针对特定场地的雨水径流控制。如果在整个流域应用，像这样的LID系统可以减少进入下水道系统的径流量，并减少民间社会组织。保守地说，我们只关注LID系统作为雨水管理技术的功能，忽略了与这些技术相关的其他环境效益。一个模型，可用于模拟减少CSO的成本效益，通过增量安装LID技术在城市流域，当它们被单独引入，或与传统的CSO减排技术相结合。使用修改后的理性方法模拟了不同级别的LID采用导致的CSO的潜在减少。生命周期成本分析是用来比较LID与其他替代品。鉴于LID实施私人财产导致减少民间社会组织，提出了一个成本分摊方案，将总LID成本分为私人成本部分（由业主承担）和公共成本部分（由公共机构提供）。这种政策的影响进行了讨论，参考民间社会组织棚排水到Gowanus运河（布鲁克林，纽约州）。结果表明，个别LID系统有不同程度的成本效益方面的CSO减少，但在各种性能和成本的情况下，公共补贴，以鼓励LID安装代表一个具有成本效益的替代方案，公共机构考虑在他们的努力，以减少CSO。在这一领域的未来研究领域进行了概述。
This paper presents a simple model for assessing the cost-effectiveness of investments in low impact development (LID) for reducing combined sewer overflows (CSOs) in urban watersheds. LID systems, including green roofs, porous pavement, and stormwater treatment wetlands, are site-specific controls for stormwater runoff. If applied throughout a watershed, LID systems like these can reduce the amount of runoff entering the sewer system and reduce CSOs. To be conservative, we focus solely on the function of LID systems as stormwater management techniques, neglecting the other environmental benefits commonly associated with these technologies. A model is presented that can be used to simulate the cost-effectiveness of reducing CSOs through incremental installation of LID technologies across urban watersheds, when they are introduced alone, or in combination with conventional CSO abatement technologies. The potential reduction in CSOs resulting from various levels of LID adoption is simulated using a modified Rational Method. A life-cycle cost analysis is used to compare LID with other alternatives. Given that LID implementation on private property leads to reduced CSOs, a cost sharing scheme is presented that divides the total LID cost into a private cost fraction (born by the property owner) and a public cost fraction (provided by a public agency). The implications of such a policy are discussed with reference to a CSO-shed that drains to the Gowanus Canal (Brooklyn, NY). The results indicate that individual LID systems have differing levels of cost-effectiveness in terms of CSO reduction, but that under a variety of performance and cost scenarios a public subsidy to encourage LID installation represents a cost-effective alternative for public agencies to consider in their efforts to reduce CSOs. Future areas of research in this field are outlined.