Evidence for protection against age-related macular degeneration by carotenoids and antioxidant vitamins.
Evidence for protection against age-related macular degeneration by carotenoids and antioxidant vitamins.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1093/ajcn/62.6.1448s
复制
发表时间：
1995-12
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
D. Snodderly
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. Snodderly
流行病学数据表明，血浆中类胡萝卜素和抗氧化维生素浓度低的个体以及吸烟者患老年性黄斑变性（AMD）的风险增加。实验室数据显示，类胡萝卜素和抗氧化维生素有助于保护视网膜免受部分由光吸收引起的氧化损伤。灵长类动物的视网膜积累了两种类胡萝卜素，叶黄素和玉米黄质，作为黄斑色素，其在中央凹的中心最密集，在更外围的区域迅速下降。视网膜还以不均匀的空间模式分布α-生育酚（维生素E）。猴子视网膜中类胡萝卜素和维生素E都很低的区域对应于人类中经常出现AMD早期迹象的位点。证据的组合表明，类胡萝卜素和抗氧化维生素可能有助于延缓视网膜和视网膜色素上皮中的一些破坏性过程，这些破坏性过程导致黄斑的年龄相关性变性。
Epidemiologic data indicate that individuals with low plasma concentrations of carotenoids and antioxidant vitamins and those who smoke cigarettes are at increased risk for age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Laboratory data show that carotenoids and antioxidant vitamins help to protect the retina from oxidative damage initiated in part by absorption of light. Primate retinas accumulate two carotenoids, lutein and zeaxanthin, as the macular pigment, which is most dense at the center of the fovea and declines rapidly in more peripheral regions. The retina also distributes alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E) in a nonuniform spatial pattern. The region of monkey retinas where carotenoids and vitamin E are both low corresponds with a locus where early signs of AMD often appear in humans. The combination of evidence suggests that carotenoids and antioxidant vitamins may help to retard some of the destructive processes in the retina and the retinal pigment epithelium that lead to age-related degeneration of the macula.