Adoption of E-Cigarettes Among Older Adults Who Smoke to Reduce Harm and Narrow Age-Related Disparities: An Application of the Health Belief Model.
Adoption of E-Cigarettes Among Older Adults Who Smoke to Reduce Harm and Narrow Age-Related Disparities: An Application of the Health Belief Model.
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在吸烟的老年人中采用电子烟以减少伤害并缩小与年龄相关的差异：健康信念模型的应用。
DOI：
10.1093/ntr/ntad016
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
McClernon,FJoseph
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Rubenstein,Dana;Denlinger-Apte,RachelL;CornacchioneRoss,Jennifer;McClernon,FJoseph
虽然2005年至2020年期间美国成年人所有其他年龄组的燃烧型卷烟（CC）吸烟流行率下降，但年龄≥ 55岁的人群的流行率仍然停滞不前。1，2事实上，2021年全国健康访谈调查（NHIS）的估计表明，目前吸烟在年龄≥ 65岁的成年人中（9.4%; 95%置信区间= 8.4，10.5）与18-34岁的成年人（9.6%; 95% CI= 8.4，11.0）一样普遍。3老年人吸烟会带来沉重的健康后果：在报告目前吸烟的≥ 65岁的成年人中，25.7%报告吸烟相关的癌症，46.9%报告另一种吸烟相关的慢性疾病。4此外，根据2017年NHIS数据，与25-44岁的成年人（59.8%）相比，45-64岁的成年人（49.6%）和≥ 65岁的成年人（47.2%）的去年戒烟尝试率较低，戒烟兴趣的流行率也是如此（分别为53.7%，68.7%和72.7%）。5.老年人戒烟困难：在过去一年中，只有5%的65岁以上吸烟的成年人成功戒烟。4烟草业在这些比率中发挥了作用;他们积极向老年人推销“淡”和“低焦油”香烟，同时劝阻戒烟，并在老年俱乐部和疗养院提供香烟。6 2013年，威廉姆斯等人7汇编了用于识别应被视为烟草使用差异群体的吸烟人群的常用标准。总的来说，上述数据表明老年人符合这些标准7，因为他们（1）吸烟率停滞不前，（2）烟草相关疾病负担增加，（3）戒烟率低，（4）已成为烟草行业的目标。然而，相对较少的注意力已经支付给这一风险吸烟人群，美国食品和药物管理局的中心烟草产品目前不承认老年人作为一个优先吸烟人群。的确，在最近的一篇评论中，迈克菲等人认为公共卫生官员“忽视了我们的长辈”。
While the prevalence of combusted cigarette (CC) smoking among all other age groups of US adults decreased between 2005 and 2020, the prevalence for those age≥ 55 years remained stagnant. 1, 2 Indeed, 2021 estimates from the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) suggest current smoking is as prevalent among adults ages≥ 65 years (9.4%; 95% Confidence interval= 8.4, 10.5) as it is among adults ages 18–34 years (9.6%; 95% CI= 8.4, 11.0). 3 Smoking in older adults carries burdensome health consequences: Among adults≥ 65 years who report current cigarette smoking, 25.7% report smoking-related cancer and 46.9% report another smoking-related chronic disease. 4 Furthermore, according to 2017 NHIS data, past-year quit attempts are less prevalent among adults 45–64 years (49.6%) and≥ 65 years (47.2%) compared to adults 25–44 years (59.8%) as is the prevalence of quit interest (53.7%, 68.7%, and 72.7%, respectively). 5 Older adults struggle with smoking cessation: Only 5% of adults≥ 65 years who smoke successfully quit in the past year. 4 The tobacco industry has played a role in these rates; they aggressively marketed “light” and “low-tar” cigarettes towards older adults while discouraging quitting and providing cigarettes at senior clubs and nursing homes. 6 In 2013, Williams et al 7 compiled commonly used criteria for identifying smoking populations that should be considered tobacco use disparities groups. Collectively, the above data indicate older adults meet these criteria 7 as they have (1) stagnant smoking prevalence,(2) increased tobacco-related disease burden,(3) low quit prevalence, and (4) have been targeted by the tobacco industry. However, relatively little attention has been paid to this at-risk smoking population, and the US Food and Drug Administration’s Center for Tobacco Products currently does not recognize older adults as a priority smoking population. 8 Indeed, in a recent commentary, McAfee et al 9 argue that public health officials are “ignoring our elders”.