Variations in Antarctic Peninsula snow liquid water during 1999-2017 revealed by merging radiometer, scatterometer and model estimations
Variations in Antarctic Peninsula snow liquid water during 1999-2017 revealed by merging radiometer, scatterometer and model estimations
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综合辐射计、散射计和模型估计揭示1999-2017年南极半岛雪液态水的变化
DOI：
10.1016/j.rse.2019.111219
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
13.5
通讯作者：
Liang Qi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zheng Lei;Zhou Chunxia;Liang Qi
自20世纪50年代以来，南极半岛(AP)一直是地球上升温速度最快的地区之一，但自1999年以来，这一速度变成了一种降温趋势。在融化的季节，美联社的积雪中会出现液态水。监测AP上的冰雪液态水对于评估其对冰架稳定性、表面质量和能量平衡的影响至关重要。我们对雪液态水(OLW)产生的大部分知识来自卫星观测和模型模拟。然而，由于缺乏现场积雪湿度测量，从这些测量得出的OLW产品的相对性能从未被评估过。我们对由辐射计(即特殊传感器微波成像仪)、散射计(即快速散射计和高级散射计)和区域大气环流模式(RACMO2)确定的OLW进行了分类三重配置(CTC)，该模型可以识别具有未知真值的最准确的观测。CTC融合产品是在1999-2017年间通过为每个像素采用最佳来源而产生的。RACMO2模拟的累积液态水量显著下降(在99%置信度水平下)210GT十年−1，而四氯化碳熔融液态水天数(−1.18 Days ten−1)和累积湿表面(−1.69 × 106天 km2ten−1)的减少趋势没有统计学意义。AP东部积雪液态水的显著负趋势与同期降温相吻合，可能与邻近海冰增多有关。
The Antarctic Peninsula (AP) has recorded one of the strongest warming rates on the Earth since the 1950s, which, however, turned into a cooling trend since 1999. Snow liquid water emerges in the snowpacks in the AP during melt seasons. Monitoring snow liquid water on the AP is critical for evaluating its impacts on the stability, surface mass and energy balances of ice shelves. Most of our knowledge about the occurrence of snow liquid water (OLW) stems from satellite observations and model simulations. However, the relative performances of OLW products derived from these measurements have never been evaluated due to the lack of in-situ snow wetness measurements. We ranked the OLW determined by the radiometer (i.e., Special Sensor Microwave Imager), scatterometer (i.e., Quick Scatterometer and Advanced Scatterometer) and the Regional Atmospheric Circulation Model (RACMO2) based on categorical triple collocation (CTC) which can identify the most accurate observation with unknown true values. The CTC fusion product was generated by adopting the best source for each pixel during 1999–2017. The cumulative liquid water volume simulated by RACMO2 has significantly declined (at the 99% confidence level) by 210 Gt decade−1, while the decreasing trends in CTC-fused liquid water days (−1.18 days decade−1) and cumulative wet surface (−1.69 × 106days km2decade−1) were not statistically significant. The significantly negative trend in eastern AP snow liquid water agreed well with the simultaneous cooling, and may be linked with the increased adjacent sea ice.