Fast in-memory CRIU for docker containers

Fast in-memory CRIU for docker containers
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适用于 docker 容器的快速内存 CRIU

DOI:
10.1145/3357526.3357542
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发表时间:
2019
期刊:
MEMSYS '19: Proceedings of the International Symposium on Memory Systems
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Gavrilovska, Ada
Gavrilovska, Ada
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Venkatesh, Ranjan Sarpangala;Smejkal, Till;Milojicic, Dejan S.;Gavrilovska, Ada

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拥有大量物理内存的服务器系统可以从使用一些可用内存容量对正在进行的计算进行内存快照中获益。内存快照对于扩展新工作负载实例、调试、调度等服务非常有用,这些服务不需要跨节点崩溃/重启的快照持久性。由于服务器越来越频繁地运行容器化的工作负载,使用Docker、快照和随后的快照恢复机制等技术将应用于容器粒度。但是,当前的快照/恢复容器方法CRIU在包含内存页的映像文件上进行昂贵的文件系统写/读操作,这在运行时成本中占主导地位,并影响操纵内存中进程状态的潜在好处。在本文中,我们证明了这些开销可以通过使用MVAS来消除——内核支持多个独立的虚拟地址空间(VAS),专门为具有大内存容量的机器设计。生成的VAS-CRIU将应用程序内存作为单独的快照地址空间存储在DRAM中,避免了代价高昂的文件系统操作。这将地址空间的快照/恢复速度加快了两个数量级,从而使快照时间减少了10倍,恢复时间减少了9倍。我们将演示VAS-CRIU在容器管理服务(如细粒度快照生成和容器实例扩展)中的效用。
Server systems with large amounts of physical memory can benefit from using some of the available memory capacity for in-memory snapshots of the ongoing computations. In-memory snapshots are useful for services such as scaling of new workload instances, debugging, during scheduling, etc., which do not require snapshot persistence across node crashes/reboots. Since increasingly more frequently servers run containerized workloads, using technologies such as Docker, the snapshot, and the subsequent snapshot restore mechanisms, would be applied at granularity of containers. However, CRIU, the current approach to snapshot/restore containers, suffers from expensive filesystem write/read operations on image files containing memory pages, which dominate the runtime costs and impact the potential benefits of manipulating in-memory process state.In this paper, we demonstrate that these overheads can be eliminated by using MVAS -- kernel support for multiple independent virtual address spaces (VAS), designed specifically for machines with large memory capacities. The resulting VAS-CRIU stores application memory as a separate snapshot address space in DRAM and avoids costly file system operations. This accelerates the snapshot/restore of address spaces by two orders of magnitude, resulting in an overall reduction in snapshot time by up to 10× and restore time by up to 9×. We demonstrate the utility of VAS-CRIU for container management services such as fine-grained snapshot generation and container instance scaling.
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