Analyses of Resource Allocation in Educational Finance (Governance of Educational Finance): From the perspective across all education stages (Japanese)
Analyses of Resource Allocation in Educational Finance (Governance of Educational Finance): From the perspective across all education stages (Japanese)
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教育财政资源配置分析（教育财政治理）：从各个教育阶段的视角（日语）
DOI：
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Kensuke Mizuta
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Nobuo Akai;Kaori Suetomi;Wataru Senoh;Kensuke Mizuta
在低出生率和老龄化导致劳动力减少的情况下，日本迫切需要提高每个公民的知识和生产力水平，以保持未来作为成熟社会的经济增长。在此背景下，通过教育积累人力资本并有效利用用于这一积累的有限资金已变得至关重要。要实现这一点，最重要的是明确现在和将来的资金流向，在具有责任感和透明度的教育治理体制下，设计有效、高效、公平的教育财政体制（财政约束下的资源优化配置）。然而，从教育财政学的角度，从资金流向和教育层次以外的角度对这一问题进行研究的文献似乎还很少。本研究课题从这两种观点出发，探讨如何设计开发促进经济增长的人力资本的公共教育的财政负担。以下是在该项目中进行的广泛研究所产生的政策影响。1.教育投资仍然是实现经济快速增长的有效政策，并建议将投资重点放在高中毕业生和高等教育毕业生身上。2.为了确保我们的教育政策的实施，重要的是要明确和准备与每个学校的特点相关联的未来财政负担。此外，还必须考虑到日本各地的差异。3.确保学校预算对改善教育成果至关重要。4.教育资金的管理非常重要，其中最重要的是人力资源。
Amid the decreasing labor force caused by the low birthrate and the aging population, Japan urgently needs to increase the knowledge and productivity levels of each citizen in order to maintain economic growth for the future as a mature society. Against this background, it has become crucial to accumulate human capital through education and effectively utilize the limited funds intended for this accumulation. To realize this, the most important point is to clarify the current and future flow of funds and design an effective, efficient, and fair educational finance system (optimal allocation of resources under fiscal constraint) under an educational governance system with accountability and transparency. It seems, however, that scarcely any previous research has been conducted on this subject from the viewpoints of analyzing educational finance focusing on the flow of funds and beyond educational levels. This research project focused on how the fiscal burden of public education for developing human capital that promotes economic growth should be designed, in the light of these two viewpoints. The following are the policy implications that resulted from the extensive research conducted in this project. 1. Educational investment remains an effective policy for achieving faster economic growth; also, it is recommended to focus investment on graduates of high school and those of higher education. 2. To ensure the implementation of our educational policy, it is important to clarify and prepare for the future fiscal burden associated with each school's characteristics. It is also important to take into consideration the regional differences across Japan. 3. Securing the school budget is important to improve educational outcomes. 4. Governance of educational finance which most greatly prioritizes human resources is important.