Identities in motion: Social exchange networks and rural- urban migration in Bangladesh
Identities in motion: Social exchange networks and rural- urban migration in Bangladesh
复制标题
流动中的身份：孟加拉国的社会交换网络和城乡移民
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2003
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
R. Kuhn
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Kuhn
在孟加拉国农村资源（土地，人力）对农村-城市移民成功的重要性的工作的扩展，文章纳入了一个不断扩大的基于村庄的社会联系网络在永久化移民流动和确保移民成功方面的作用。随着亲属群体、宗族和整个村庄从家乡迁移到大城市，在当地背景下几乎没有意义的身份被动员起来，在过去和未来的移民之间建立信任。在一个对正规信贷和保险市场有严重限制的社会中，基于身份的移徙机会是一种新的资本来源，使小土地所有者能够保住自己的生计，以换取对越来越有影响力的城市守门人群体的效忠。然而，这种不稳定的身份概念往往倾向于更传统的社会和经济问题，形成一个网络，其成员资格既取决于预先存在的社会关系、空间接近程度和资源拥有情况，也取决于潜在移民的技能、诚实程度或努力程度。这些发现引起了对农村-城市移民过程中固有的风险和社会成本的严重关注。
Expanding on work that demonstrates the importance of rural resources (land, manpower) on rural-urban migrant success in Bangladesh, the article incorporates the role of an expanding network of village-based social connections in perpetuating the flow of migration and ensuring migrant success. As kin groups, lineages, and entire villages shift from their home settings to major cities, identities that had little meaning in the local context are mobilised to create trust between past and future migrants. Identity- based migration opportunities function as a new source of capital in a society with severe constraints on formal credit and insurance markets, allowing small landholders to pre serve their livelihood in exchange for allegiance to an increasingly influential group of urban gatekeepers. This fluid notion of identity often bends to more traditional social and economic concerns, however, generating a network whose membership is determined as much by pre-existing social relationships, spatial proximity and resource holdings, as by a potential migrant's skills, honesty or effort. Thesefindings raise critical concerns over the inherent risks and social costs built into the rural-urban migration process.