Auroral Drivers of Large dB∕dt During Geomagnetic Storms
Auroral Drivers of Large dB∕dt During Geomagnetic Storms
复制标题
地磁风暴期间大 dBâdt 的极光驱动因素
DOI:
10.1029/2022sw003121
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Liu, Jiang
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zou, Ying;Dowell, Caleb;Ferdousi, Banafsheh;Lyons, Larry R.;Liu, Jiang
Forecasting geomagnetically induced currents (GICs) remains a difficult challenge, and open questions hindering our understanding include when and where GICs become large and what magnetospheric and ionospheric processes are responsible. This paper addresses these questions by determining the auroral drivers of large dB∕dt (>100 nT/min, a proxy for GICs) on the ground during geomagnetic storms. We study auroras because, although the current system driving dB∕dt is at times challenging to reconstruct, the accompanying auroras are routinely measured in high resolution. For various types of auroras, our community has already acquired a deep understanding of the driving mechanisms and spatiotemporal characteristics. Using coordinated observations from THEMIS and Geophysical Institute Magnetometer Array magnetometers and THEMIS all‐sky imagers, we statistically examine large dB∕dt intervals during storms from 2015 to 2016. A variety of auroral drivers have been identified, including poleward expanding auroral bulges, auroral streamers, poleward boundary intensifications, omega bands, pulsating auroras, etc. The onset, spatial variability, and duration of large dB/dt are well explained by those of the auroras. For example, poleward expanding auroral bulges drive large dB/dt that spread progressively poleward, and periodic injections of streamers drive large dB/dt that occur in periodic bursts. By referring to the magnetospheric source of the auroras, the magnetospheric source of large dB/dt can be inferred, whether it be dipolarization of the tail magnetic field, bursty bulk flows, instability, or wave‐particle interaction. Our results suggest that auroras can exert significant leverage on GIC research and forecast.
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DOI:
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发表时间:
2015
期刊:
影响因子:
--
作者:
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Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics
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