Dendritic cells in viral infections.
Dendritic cells in viral infections.
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DOI：
10.1007/978-3-540-71029-5_3
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发表时间：
2009-01-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Masson, Frederick
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Belz, Gabrielle;Mount, Adele;Masson, Frederick
抗原提呈细胞（APC）通过引发对感染细胞的快速和有效的免疫攻击而被认为是获得性免疫（特别是针对病原体的获得性免疫）的关键引发剂。在APC中，树突状细胞（DC）被专门装备成以依赖于它们从微生物及其细胞环境接收的信号的方式启动和调节免疫应答。为了实现这一目标，它们配备了高效的机制，使它们能够检测病原体，捕获，处理和呈递抗原，并激活和引导T细胞分化为效应细胞和记忆细胞。DC不能再被认为是执行单一功能的同质细胞类型，而是在表型、功能以及其形成和响应性对炎性刺激的依赖性方面都是异质的。最近对DC亚型的研究突出了不同专业APC在激活针对病原体的免疫应答的不同臂中的对比作用。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了已取得的进展，在解剖的属性不同的DC亚群迁移到，或永久居住，在淋巴组织和它们的推定作用，在诱导抗病毒免疫反应。
Antigen presenting cells (APCs) are recognized as key initiators of adaptive immunity, particularly to pathogens, by eliciting a rapid and potent immune attack on infected cells. Amongst APCs, dendritic cells (DCs) are specially equipped to initiate and regulate immune responses in a manner that depends on signals they receive from microbes and their cellular environment. To achieve this, they are equipped with highly efficient mechanisms that allow them to detect pathogens, to capture, process and present antigens, and to activate and guide the differentiation of T cells into effector and memory cells. DCs can no longer be considered as a homogeneous cell type performing a single function, but are heterogeneous both in phenotype, function and dependence on inflammatory stimuli for their formation and responsiveness. Recent studies of DC subtypes have highlighted the contrasting roles of different professional APCs in activating divergent arms of the immune response towards pathogens. In this review, we discuss the progress that has been made in dissecting the attributes of different DC subsets that migrate into, or reside permanently, within lymphoid tissues and their putative roles in the induction of the anti-viral immune response.