Azadirachtin acting as a hazardous compound to induce multiple detrimental effects in Drosophila melanogaster
Azadirachtin acting as a hazardous compound to induce multiple detrimental effects in Drosophila melanogaster
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印楝素作为一种危险化合物对果蝇产生多种有害影响
DOI：
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.07.057
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
13.6
通讯作者：
Xin Yi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jing Zhang;Tao Sun;Zhipeng Sun;Haiyi Li;Xiaoxian Qi;Guohua Zhong;Xin Yi
印楝素是一种四环三萜类植物性杀虫剂，对多种害虫具有不同的亚致死作用，包括拒食、驱避和生长调节。尽管对这些生理效应的机制进行了广泛的研究，但在一致浓度下印楝素的多重毒性效应很少被关注，而且关于其毒性还没有明确的总体共识。本文研究了未引起果蝇拒食行为的印木素4 mg -1对果蝇寿命、发育、复眼和生殖的多重亚致死效应。~lt；20 mg L−1azadirachtin对小鼠无致死作用，4 mg L−1可缩短小鼠寿命，解毒基因表达及相关解毒酶活性较高。果蝇暴露于4 mg L−1azadirachtin后，体内几丁质酶活性降低，甲壳素含量升高，可能是抑制果蝇发育的重要因素；印楝素介导的保幼激素和蜕皮激素影响果蝇的内分泌系统，导致卵巢异常和繁殖力下降。Caspase-3、头部退化缺陷和依赖细胞凋亡的基因可能是导致印楝素暴露果蝇复眼异常的原因。我们的发现为印楝素亚致死作用的潜在机制提供了重要的见解。
Azadirachtin, a tetranortriterpenoid botanical insecticide, has varied sub-lethal effects against many insect pests, including antifeedant, repellent, and growth regulatory. Despite extensive studies of the mechanisms that underline these physiological effects, little attention has been given to multiple toxic effects of azadirachtin under a coherent concentration, and there is no definitive overarching consensus on its toxicity. Here, we investigated multiple sub-lethal effects induced by 4 mg L−1of azadirachtin, which did not elicit antifeedant behavior inDrosophilamelanogaster, on metrics of longevity, development, compound eyes and reproduction. Exposure to <20 mg L−1azadirachtin did not induce mortality, and 4 mg L−1of azadirachtin could shorten lifespan, expression of detoxification genes and activities of related detoxification enzymes were higher. The lower activity of chitinase and higher content of chitin in fruit fly exposed to 4 mg L−1azadirachtin could be important in developmental inhibition effects, and ovarian abnormalities and lower fecundity could have resulted from azadirachtin-mediated influences on juvenile hormone and ecdysone that disrupted the endocrine system.Caspase-3, head involution defectiveandreaper-dependent apoptosisgenes may have been responsible for compound eye abnormalities in flies exposed to azadirachtin. Our findings provide important insights to the potential mechanisms of sub-lethal effects of azadirachtin.