Vaccines against Francisella tularensis
Vaccines against Francisella tularensis
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DOI：
10.1196/annals.1409.012
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发表时间：
2007-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Oyston, Petra C. F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Conlan, J. Wayne;Oyston, Petra C. F.
图拉氏方济氏菌是已知的最具致病性的病原体之一，特别是在以小颗粒气溶胶的形式传播时。正因为如此，它在20世纪被几个州发展成为一种生物战剂。如今，人们仍然担心这种病原体有可能在恐怖分子手中导致广泛传播的疾病--图拉热症。这重新唤起了人们对抗击它的方法的兴趣。本文综述了图拉热症疫苗研究的现状。到目前为止，我们对图拉热病疫苗效力的大部分了解来自于临床和实验使用实用减毒的图拉氏菌亚种Holarctica活疫苗株。然而，这种已经存在了50多年的疫苗仍然受到监管问题的困扰，这些问题继续阻碍着它的许可。这些问题和可能的解决方案被强调，以及更现代的分子方法来开发针对这种高度毒力的病原体的疫苗。
Francisella tularensis is one of the most pathogenic pathogens known, especially when disseminated as a small particle aerosol. Because of this, it was developed into a biological warfare agent by several states during the 20th century. Nowadays, concerns remain about the potential of this pathogen to cause widespread disease, tularemia, in the hands of terrorists. This has resurrected interest in methods to combat it. This article reviews the current status of vaccine development efforts against tularemia. To date most of our understanding of tularemia vaccine efficacy has been derived from the clinical and experimental use of a pragmatically attenuated live vaccine strain of F. tularensis subspecies holarctica. However, this vaccine which has been in existence for more than 50 years is still beset by regulatory issues that continue to hamper its licensure. These issues and possible solutions are highlighted, along with more modern molecular approaches to vaccine development against this highly virulent pathogen.