Nuclear organization: taking a position on gene expression.

Nuclear organization: taking a position on gene expression.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.ceb.2011.03.002
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发表时间:
2011-06
影响因子:
7.5
通讯作者:
Wallrath, Lori L.
Wallrath, Lori L.
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Geyer, Pamela K.;Vitalini, Michael W.;Wallrath, Lori L.

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真核生物的基因组被分成染色体,这些染色体占据细胞核内确定的区域或领土。这些染色体区域(CT)基于结构域的转录活性和染色质景观进行排列。一般而言,转录沉默结构域位于核外围,而活性结构域位于内部。核位置的变化,观察到应力诱导和发育调节的组织特异性基因。在激活时,这些基因从CT移动到含有富含基因表达机制的核体的染色体间空间。基因激活并不总是伴随着运动,因为定位是由许多决定因素决定的,包括基因结构和局部基因组环境。总的来说,组织特异性核组织是由导致适当转录调控的输入的顶点产生的。
Eukaryotic genomes are divided into chromosomes that occupy defined regions or territories within the nucleus. These chromosome territories (CTs) are arranged based on the transcriptional activity and chromatin landscape of domains. In general, transcriptionally silent domains reside at the nuclear periphery, whereas active domains locate within the interior. Changes in nuclear position are observed for stress-induced and developmentally regulated tissue-specific genes. Upon activation, these genes move away from a CT to inter-chromosomal space containing nuclear bodies enriched in gene expression machinery. Gene activation is not always accompanied by movement, as positioning is dictated by many determinants, including gene structure and the local genomic environment. Collectively, tissue-specific nuclear organization results from a culmination of inputs that result in proper transcriptional regulation.
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