Chronic dryness and wetness and especially pulsed drought threaten a generalist arthropod herbivore
Chronic dryness and wetness and especially pulsed drought threaten a generalist arthropod herbivore
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慢性干旱和潮湿，特别是脉冲干旱威胁着多面性节肢动物食草动物
DOI：
10.1007/s00442-018-4255-7
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Walter
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Walter
在气候变化的影响下，预计许多地区将出现更潮湿和更干燥的条件，以及洪水或干旱等极端事件的增加。到目前为止，研究只调查了单一胁迫严重程度下干燥或潮湿条件的影响，而没有考虑不同强度和类型的变化如何影响以胁迫植物为食的昆虫食草动物。此外，急性应力脉冲的影响与较温和的慢性土壤水分胁迫有何不同尚不清楚。研究了不同土壤湿度条件对草食昆虫取食草地植物的影响。我们将多种草地移植到花盆中，并对其进行不同强度和持续时间的水淹和干燥胁迫。我们比较了短期极端干旱和洪水脉冲的影响与较温和但长期的压力的影响。持续干燥的环境降低了植物和草食动物在各种胁迫程度下的生产性能。严重的长期潮湿不影响植物的生长，但降低了蛹重（- 23%）和幼虫存活率（- 34%）。极端的脉冲干旱加剧了长期干旱的负面影响，因为大多数幼虫在干旱后从植物重新湿润中受益之前就死亡了（死亡率94%）。脉冲洪水对植物或幼虫发育的影响并不比慢性严重潮湿大。我们的研究结果表明，即使是混合饮食，植物胁迫也会对通才咀嚼食草动物产生负面影响。干燥和严重潮湿，但不是轻度潮湿的条件，将减少一些物种的生存。特别是，极端干旱似乎对多面手草原食草动物有强烈的负面影响。
Under climate change, both wetter and drier conditions, as well as an increase in extreme events like floods or droughts are projected for many areas. So far, studies only investigate the impact of drier or wetter conditions at a single stress severity level but do not consider how different intensities and types of changes affect insect herbivores feeding on stressed plants. Further, how effects of acute stress pulses differ from milder, chronic soil moisture stress is unclear. We investigated how changing soil moisture conditions affect a generalist insect herbivore feeding on grassland plants. We transplanted multi-species sections of grassland into pots and subjected them to different intensities and durations of flooding and drying stress. We compared effects of short, extreme drought and flooding pulses against the effects of milder, but chronic stress. Constantly drier conditions decreased plant and herbivore performance at all levels of stress severity. Severe permanent wetness did not affect plant growth, but decreased pupal weight (− 23%) and survival of larvae (− 34%). Extreme pulsed drought exacerbated negative effects of chronic drying, as most larvae died before they could benefit from rewetting plants after the drought (94% mortality). Pulsed flooding did not affect plants or larval development more than chronic severe wetness. Our findings imply that plant stress negatively affects generalist chewing herbivores, even with mixed diets. Both drier and severely wet, but not mildly wetter conditions, will reduce survival of some species. Especially, extreme droughts appear to have strong negative effects on generalist grassland herbivores.
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影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Leingärtner A;Hoiss B;Krauss J;Steffan-Dewenter I
通讯作者：
Steffan-Dewenter I
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
Mody, Karsten;Eichenberger, Daniela;Dorn, Silvia
通讯作者：
Dorn, Silvia
干旱胁迫下植物性能和对多种食草动物的抗性的杂种优势丧失和家族依赖性近交抑制
影响因子：
5.5
作者：
N. Prill;J. Bullock;N. M. Dam;Roosa Leimu
通讯作者：
Roosa Leimu
影响因子：
1.6
作者：
Walter, Julia;Hein, Roman;Jentsch, Anke
通讯作者：
Jentsch, Anke
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
BROWN, ES;DEWHURST, CF
通讯作者：
DEWHURST, CF