Flavonoids as Antioxidants in Plants Under Abiotic Stresses
Flavonoids as Antioxidants in Plants Under Abiotic Stresses
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DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4614-0634-1_9
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发表时间：
2012-01-01
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Tattini, Massimiliano
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文献类型：
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作者：
Di Ferdinando, Martina;Brunetti, Cecilia;Tattini, Massimiliano
黄酮类化合物在高等植物对多种非生物胁迫的响应机制中起着重要作用。除了长期报道的作为破坏性短波太阳辐射的筛选器的功能之外，类黄酮还被认为是在应激植物中作为抗氧化剂发挥关键功能，通过抑制活性氧（ROS）的产生并减少活性氧（ROS）的形成。黄酮类化合物的ROS清除特性仅限于少数结构，即二羟基B环取代的黄酮苷。这种构效关系符合众所周知的压力诱导的优先生物合成的二羟基B-环取代的黄酮和黄酮醇。这些黄酮类化合物，特别是槲皮素的衍生物，已被证明可以在细胞内和细胞间水平上极大地影响生长素的运动，从而紧密地调节单个器官和整个植物的发育。类黄酮抑制生长素外排促进蛋白活性的有效性紧密依赖于赋予抗氧化潜力的化学特征。在这篇综述文章中，我们讨论了（1）不同的非生物胁迫对单个黄酮类化合物积累的影响，（2）抗氧化剂黄酮类化合物在严重胁迫条件下植物抗氧化机制中的潜在作用，以及（3）黄酮类化合物作为发育调节剂的功能。
Flavonoids make a relevant contribution to the response mechanisms of higher plants to a plethora of abiotic stresses. In addition to the long-reported functions as screeners of damaging short-wave solar radiation, flavonoids have been suggested as playing key functions as antioxidants in stressed plants, by inhibiting the generation and reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) once formed. The ROS-scavenging properties of flavonoids are restricted to few structures, namely, the dihydroxy B-ring-substituted flavonoid glycosides. This structure activity relationship conforms to the well-known stress-induced preferential biosynthesis of dihydroxy B-ring-substituted both flavones and flavonols. These flavonoids, especially the derivatives of quercetin, have been shown to greatly affect the movement of auxin at intra-and intercellular levels, and hence to tightly regulate the development of individual organs and the whole plant. The effectiveness of flavonoids to inhibit the activity of the auxin efflux facilitator proteins tightly depends on the chemical features that confer the antioxidant potential. In this review article, we discuss about (1) the effect of different abiotic stresses on the accumulation of individual flavonoids, (2) the potential role served by antioxidant flavonoids in the antioxidant machinery of plants exposed to severe stress conditions, and (3) the function of flavonoids as developmental regulators.